The general objective of this study was to trace the intensi®cation process on sandy soils in the Birni N'Konni area of south central Niger and to identify the role of traditional and modern inputs. The primary hypothesis is that farmers intensify ®rst using traditional inputs, such as traditional varieties, labor and manure, and turn to modern inputs, like inorganic fertilizer, improved variet...

skilled labor force is very important in economic growth. workers become skilled when they are healthy and able to be educated and work. in this study, we estimated the effects of health indicators on labor supply. we used labor force participation rate as the indicator of labor supply. we categorized this indicator into 2 indicators of female and male labor force participation rates and compar...

“Workforce or Workfare? The Optimal Use of Work Requirements when Labor is Supplied along the Extensive Margin” by Craig Brett and Laurence Jacquet This paper explores the use of workfare as part of a tax mix when labor supply responses are along the extensive margin. In an economy where the government has a priori chosen any tax-and-benefit schedule, we show that, despite their common goal of ...

This paper studies the impact of income and payroll taxes on intensive and extensive labor supply decisions for workers ages 55-74 using the Health and Retirement Study. The literature provides little guidance about the responsiveness of this population to tax incentives, though the tax code is potentially an important mechanism that can alter retirement incentives. We model labor force partici...

We use the American Time Use Survey (ATUS) 2003-2012 to estimate time spent in non-work on the job. Non-work is substantial and varies positively with local unemployment. Time spent in non-work conditional on any positive amount rises, while the fraction of workers reporting positive values declines with unemployment. Both effects are economically important, and are consistent with a model in w...

The aging of the U.S. population, combined with an increasing probability that any given older individual will work, means that the importance of older workers to the labor force is rising. One possible solution to the solvency problems facing the Social Security System is increasing the labor supply of older workers. Understanding how policy levers can affect the labor supply of the elderly th...