in spite of the importance of teacher's motivation only a limited number of studies have been conducted on teacher's demotivation in iran. this study was an attempt to investigate demotivating factors among iranian efl language institute teachers in terms of years of teaching experience. to this end, the researchers tried to utilize a questionnaire as a research method. to collect dat...

humanizing language learning materials helps language teachers to design activities that are linked to learn- ers’ lives and experiences. this can result in higher motivation and engagement in the process of foreign language learning. self-determination theory-based instruction enhances learners’ engagement and motiva- tion through supporting the basic psychological needs for autonomy, competen...

This paper presents a collection of patterns as a starting point for a pattern language for agent based systems. After motivation and background, Section 2 discusses the context shared by all of the patterns. Section 3 describes the major architectural pattern, the Layered Agent, while Sections 4 and 5 discuss the main patterns found within the layers, and relationships between the patterns, re...

many people believe that language teaching is a neutral practice. however, this belief is not without its own opponents. to many scholars, teaching languages cannot be devoid of teaching cultural values of the target language, which tacitly aims at denigrating cultural values of the community of the learners who are learning it. the ultimate purpose of such cultural oppression, according to the...

The paper analyzes the problem of teaching a second language in Russia with the help of techniques of intercultural communication. For the purpose of this paper we define teaching a second language with the help of intercultural communication as a strategy of successful teaching, based mostly on the social-geographic and mental and emotional approaches. We built up a system of teaching a second...

in view of native/nonnative language teacher dichotomy, different characteristics have been assigned to these 2 groups. the dichotomy has been the source of different actions and measures to clarify the positive and negative points of being (non)native teachers. in recent years, many researchers have revisited this dichotomy. the challenge to the dichotomy can be a source of motivation to explo...

According to previous research, affective aspects are, when successfully applied, presumed to increase cognitive learning in the language classroom. The research present on the affective domain was deemed insufficient since few observations in language classrooms had been made. This study gives a view on how affective teaching and learning are applied in a Swedish EFL classroom. Teacher-student...

Motivation is one of the important factors which impacts greatly on language learning. One of the most important factors which receives the special focus in foreign language teaching is reading motivation. More recently, studies on reading motivation have also gained much interest. This review paper is going to consider the impact of reading motivation on reading comprehension. In this paper, t...

Culture, a commonly visited concept in English language teaching research, has been integral to classes. The present study investigated the place of culture as foreign classes for ten instructors at tertiary level across state and private universities Turkey. findings revealed that instructors’ opportunities raise their students’ cultural awareness were not satisfactory, there was mismatch betw...