the concept of the quran miraculousness had undergone several stages before getting to its pinnacle in the fourth century. in the first stage – which took place during the first and second centuries – it cab be witnessed that the lecturers and scholars of the era have confessed their incompetence to compete with the quran, and the scholars and exegetes have left untouched the miracle-related is...

The Islamic world has a rich artistic tradition of creating highly geometric and symmetric ornamentation. Over the centuries, the process of creating Islamic tilings was refined from the 15th Century ornamentation in the Alhambra Palace in Granada, Spain to the exquisite tilings, which are seen in mosques, mausoleums and minarets throughout the world today. The contemporary mathematics of group...

to find the identity, position and status of women in the early centuries of islamic government, it is necessary to rely on reasonable documents. the pictorial resources and designs remained from artistic works of these times are among the available documents which can be studied by focussing on the position of women in this period. the designs of figures remained from the early centuries of is...

Islamic medicine, Arabic medicine, Arab-Islamic medicine, or Greco-Arab and Islamic medicine refers to medicine developed in the Golden Age of the Arab-Islamic civilization, which extended from Spain in the west to Central Asia and India in the east. In temporal terms it covered a period of roughly nine centuries, from the middle of the seventh to the end of the fifteenth century. Medicine was ...

The Raya port (eighth to 12th centuries) on the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt, was one of the important port cities for the Red Sea trade. We performed on-site analyses of Islamic glass vessels (used in eighth to 11th centuries) mainly from this site in Egypt using a portable XRF spectrometer. The aim of this paper is to contribute to our understanding of the chemical compositions of early Islamic gla...