Political movements that engage in terrorism typically have too few material resources— personnel, funds, or territory under their control—to achieve their goals through legitimate political action or large-scale organized violence (Fromkin, 1975). Terrorist attacks are part of an indirect strategy for achieving their political objectives by influencing an audience (Crenshaw, 1981). These terro...

Last year, a Tokyo-based internet venture firm, Hatena Co., ran a political prediction market that was designed to predict the result of the General Election of the Lower House of the Diet, held on September 11, 2005. The market showed reasonable predictive ability that was comparable with the predictions of major newspapers and experts. In this paper, we summarize what happened at the first po...

In this paper I apply the work of Abrams and Iossifov (2006) to monetary policy in Canada to see if same political party affiliation is needed to produce evidence of political opportunism. After modifying their analysis to maintain consistency in the time series dimensions of their variables for Canada, I find both an error correction model and a Taylor rule reformulation of their test generate...

The 2004 election has been interpreted as a resounding victory for conservative values. Was it in fact a mandate? The present analysis examines recent electoral outcomes and the 2004 election with particular reference to economic and political fundamentals. Looking at both aggregate results and exit polls since 1972, it examines three models of performance relative to economic and political fun...

The current study explores the phenomena of election propaganda photos. A political slogan is viewed as one most important ways for parties and candidates to communicate with voters, particularly when party identification declining. Political advertising in Iraq began use posters, flyers, other printed materials. present sheds light on how their audiences. It studies Iraqi photos from a pragmat...

The 2016 presidential election season and subsequent political events have had physical and emotional impacts on youth. We collected qualitative insights from 14 to 24 year olds across the US related to these events over time. Open-ended probes were sent via text message at three time points before and after the 2016 presidential election. The majority of youth reported emotional stress during ...

The coalition government that resulted from the 2010 general election represents a new scenario in the British political marketplace with implications for political marketing theory and practice. The modelling of political marketing in the UK has evolved in relatively stable market conditions in which majority governments are elected; the market restructure arising from the 2010 election outcom...

reformism discourse was organized according to a set of non- homogeneous theories and because it was a combination of traditional teachings of islam and teachings of modern liberalism simultaneously, it didn’t have any theoretical integrity. immediate integration of reformers during the election was dues to a historical necessity of opposition against conservatisms, candidate who considered him...

To what extent do social networks shape a person’s vote choice? Using data on political networks gathered during a novel, multi-wave panel study conducted during the 2010 election cycle in the UK, we argue that although people may choose to discuss politics more often with those who hold similar political views, remaining disagreements in political discussion networks can still have a substanti...