in this study an attempt has been made to empirically examine the relationship between biodiversity and economic growth using indicators of species diversity and income per capita as proxies for biodiversity and economic growth, respectively.also the effects of agricultural value added as a percentage of gdp, trade freedom index, exchange rate, population, percantage of land developed for agric...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the national trend in per capita consumption (PCC) of alcohol for Australians aged 15 years and older for the financial years 1990-91 to 2008-09. DESIGN AND SETTING With the use of data obtained from Australian Bureau of Statistics' catalogues and World Advertising Research Centre reports, three alternative series of annual totals of PCC of alcohol for the past 20 years ...

in order to analyse the effective factors contributing to land fragmentation, required data ‎were collected by questionnaire from 151 farmers who were selected through a stratified random ‎sampling design from 12 villages of ramjerd yek subdistrict of marvdasht country. factor analysis ‎was used to identity explanatory factors of land fragmentation. the variables of natural-farming, ‎socio-cult...

Planning and construction are well-known practical topics; however, eco-city developments and their sustainable effects on the city are less known. Xi’an is a typical city that has a target to become an eco-city. This city is selected in this case study with the aims of (1) framing eco-practices to enhance the understanding of an eco-city development and (2) evaluating the effect of eco-practic...

The rapid urbanization has exerted tremendous pressure on natural systems in mountains. As a measure of sustainable use of natural resources, ecological footprint is an important basis for judging whether the development of a country or region is within the biocapacity. Taking Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture as an example, this study comprehensively analyzes the impact of human activities on mou...

The effect of trade liberalisation on environmental conditions has yielded significant debate in the energy economics literature. Although research on the relationship between energy consumption, emissions and economic growth is not new in South Africa, no study specifically addresses the role that South Africa's foreign trade plays in this context. A surprising fact given trade is one of the m...

one of the most important parameters essential in different water supplies, treatment, transfer and distribution projects, is water consumption per capita. but unfortunately in many cases, statistics and date available in texts or irrelevant samplings are used. varamin is a region located in south east of tehran. among the most important problems in this region, insufficiency of personnel prolo...