A deterministic BIST scheme for circuits with multiple scan paths is presented. A procedure is described for synthesizing a pattern generator which stimulates all scan chains simultaneously and guarantees complete fault coverage. The new scheme may require less chip area than a classical LFSR-based approach while better or even complete fault coverage is obtained at the same time.

BACKGROUND More efforts have been put in place to increase full immunization coverage rates in the last decade. Little is known about the levels and consequences of delaying or vaccinating children in different schedules. Vaccine effectiveness depends on the timing of its administration, and it is not optimal if given early, delayed or not given as recommended. Evidence of non-specific effects ...

this article provides a commentary to ole norheim’ s editorial entitled “ethical perspective: five unacceptable trade-offs on the path to universal health coverage.” it reinforces its message that an inclusive, participatory process is essential for ethical decision-making and underlines the crucial importance of good governance in setting fair priorities in healthcare. solidarity on both natio...

Motivation: RNA-seq has made feasible the analysis of a whole set of expressed mRNAs. Mapping-based assembly of RNA-seq reads sometimes is infeasible due to lack of highquality references. However, de novo assembly is very challenging due to uneven expression levels among transcripts and also the read coverage variation within a single transcript. Existing methods either apply de Bruijn graphs ...

BACKGROUND Clustering commonly affects the uncertainty of parameter estimates in epidemiological studies. Cluster-robust variance estimates (CRVE) are used to construct confidence intervals that account for single-level clustering, and are easily implemented in standard software. When data are clustered at more than one level (e.g. village and household) the level for the CRVE must be chosen. C...