In this work, the rheological behavior of a group of model crude oils is experimentally studied at temperatures below their wax appearance temperature (WAT). We consider both a two-component wax-oil system and a three-component oil-water emulsion that is partially stabilized by precipitated wax. We characterize the shear-localization and yielding using a combined approach of bulk rheometry and ...

This paper addresses the problem of developing an optimization structure to aid the operational decision-making in a real-world pipeline scenario. The pipeline connects an inland refinery to a harbor, conveying different types of commodities (gasoline, diesel, kerosene, alcohol, liquefied petroleum gas, etc). The scheduling of activities has to be specified in advance by a specialist, who must ...

This work addresses the large-scale crude oil scheduling problem of China’s SINOPEC Maoming refinery importing various types of crude oil from two terminals via long-distance pipelines. A hierarchical decomposition approach is employed to construct a two-stage MILP model of the practical refinery operations. In the upper level model, storage and charging tanks are aggregated to determine the in...

// is our hypothesis that fermentative, acetogenic, and sulfaiereductng bacteria residing in pipeline faculties can influence corrosion through the production of carbon dioxide and acetate under the prevailing anaerobic conditions. The exacerbation of carbon dioxide corrosion of carbon sleel in the presence of acetic acid is a well-known phenomenon in the oil Industry. Doth chemical compounds c...

SPTP is a model for the pipeline transportation of petroleum products. It uses a directed graph G, where arcs represent pipes and nodes represent locations. In this paper, we analyze the complexity of 4nding a minimum makespan solution to SPTP. This problem is called SPTMP. We prove that, for any 4xed ¿ 0, there is no 1− -approximate algorithm for the SPTMP unless P=NP, where is the input size....

The aim of this paper is to review the basic principles of triage in mass burns disasters and discuss the experience of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), Ikeja, Nigeria, in the December 2006 disaster at Abule-Egba, Lagos, Nigeria. It is hoped that the experience gained will help in the planning for and management of similar disasters in the developing countries with limited...