this study was initiated to assess the effectiveness of designating smoking rooms to control environmental tobacco smoke in nursing homes. of the 39 nursing homes located in toledo (a city in ohio, usa) included in the preliminary survey, 33 facilities (85%) allowed smoking, 14 facilities (36%) allowed indoor smoking, and 13 facilities (33%) provided a designated smoking area. three of these 13...

Abstract Climate has an important effect on operation of the traditional building architecture and its energy consumption in desert area of Iran. Absence of water and unpleasant climate of these regions compelled people to build their houses with some strategies based on effective energy expenditure. Therefore, builders try to use natural climatic strategies for confronting hard situations. Nar...

Increasing numbers of cases of Vero cytotoxin producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) O157 infection, well published incidents, and new scientific evidence make it appropriate to produce new guidelines for their control. This document reviews the clinical and epidemiological features of VTEC O157 infection, describes the principles of microbiological investigation and laboratory safety, and presents ...

From the past earthquake events, m at the exit while they are trying to go out of the bu the exit doors are unable to be opened. The door is it deviates from its the original position. The aim o develop and evaluate a new type safety door that ke in its original position or keeps its edge angles pe and post-earthquake. The proposed door is c components: outer frame joined to the wall, inner and...

Construction industry has the highest ratio of fatality of workers in comparison with other industries. Construction safety has been always a matter of focus to control safety risks. This article presents a new flexible method of safety risk assessment by adding Hybrid Value Number (HVN) to the assessment equation. As a result of using this method, the results of assessment process will be more...

lack of enough awareness about the right ways of finding shelter, principles of building construction, structural and non-structural retrofitting, lack of enough information about the active faults and earthquakes knowledge are among those issues which impose financial and non-financial expenses on a country after an earthquake. making an attitude correction and forming new beliefs and behavior...

In recent years, intelligent building systems have become standard in residential buildings as well as commercial buildings. This chapter presents a novel system for controlling such buildings using natural user interfaces. Due to advanced logic, it is capable of identifying people occupying defined areas and recognizing their gestures. The system cooperates with a Domatiq System – Intelligent ...

CONTEXT A growing evidence base suggests that a comprehensive healthy homes approach may be an effective strategy for improving housing hazards that affect health, but questions remain about the feasibility of large-scale implementation. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of a large-scale, multisite, state-funded healthy homes program. SETTING Homes in high-risk neighborhoods of 13 counties f...