Objective: In recent years, various treatment programs have been implemented in Iran aimed at rehabilitation and improvement of drug-dependent patients but so far, few studies have been conducted on the effectiveness of different treatment programs in terms of different outcomes. This study was conducted to determine the differences among patients participating in three therapeutic programs, ou...

The specific intracellular cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase antagonist, the Rp-diastereomer of adenosine cyclic 3',5'-phosphorothioate (Rp-cAMPS), inhibited both basal and cyclic AMP-agonist-induced rates of gluconeogenesis in hepatocytes isolated from fasted rats. Incubation of the cells in the presence of pyruvate and lactate and either the Sp-diastereomer of adenosine cyclic 3',5'-phospho...

BACKGROUND Treatment motivation has always been an important issue in substance abuse treatment. In recent decades, several instruments have been developed to measure this concept. OBJECTIVES In this study, cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Persian version of the circumstances, motivation and readiness scale (CMR) are illustrated in a sample of Iranian addicts. MATERIAL...

A multi-agent simulation is used to explore the relationship between the micro and the macro levels in small-scale societies. The simulation demonstrates, using an African hunter-gatherer group (the !Kung san) as a case study, the way in which population stability may arise from culturally framed, micro-level decision making by women about spacing of births. According to the simulation, populat...

Research on children's coping with homesickness during relatively uncontrollable separations has suggested that secondary control coping (i.e., adjusting oneself to fit objective conditions) is often preferred over primary control coping (i.e., modifying objective conditions to fit oneself). Related research suggests that negative affect is associated with (a) relinquishing control or using pri...

In Palestine, chronic exposure to lead has not been adequately addressed as a problem for children. To assess the exposure of Palestinian schoolchildren, we surveyed blood lead levels in 3 schools in Nablus city and collected demographic and clinical data. Blood samples were collected from 178 children (140 boys, 38 girls), age range 6-8 years. The overall mean blood lead level was 3.2 (SD 2.4)...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com India’s first and largest series of 130 type 1 diabetes children] 2. 1980s: implementation of systematic patient health education and self-care training programs at clinic/ hospital [India’s first diabetes educator / nurse specialist, residential camps, foot nurse / podiatrist]. 3. Enrichment of medical education [UG/PG level] , continuing medical e...

There is a lack of research concerning the effectiveness of residential treatment for troubled adolescents. Due to a focus on internal controls in this area of research, there has been no conclusion as to how helpful such treatment is for real world clients. This is an effectiveness study that serves as a preliminary outcome evaluation for the Academy at Swift River, an emotional growth boardin...