The dominant source of variance in line transect sampling is usually the encounter rate variance. Systematic survey designs are often used to reduce the true variability among different realizations of the design, but estimating the variance is difficult and estimators typically approximate the variance by treating the design as a simple random sample of lines. We explore the properties of diff...

background: to correct patient positioning errors (setup errors) during prostate cancer treatment using epid and fiducial gold markers, to improve the accuracy of the dose delivery in these patients. materials and methods: fifteen patients with localized prostate carcinoma after implantation of fiducial gold markers in their prostate gland underwent the five-field imrt planning technique. the p...

Wireless sensor network can act as a distributed sampling system in precision farming applications which aim at estimating the spatiotemporal variability. Sensor nodes should be deployed referring to the communication range rc and the sampling range rs instead of the sensing range. In this paper, a kind of systematic random deployment based on three popular regular patterns-equilateral triangle...

Estimation of total number of a population of cells that are sparsely distributed in an organ or anatomically-defined region of interest represents a challenge for conventional stereological methods. In these situations, classic fractionator approaches that rely on systematic uniform random sampling are highly inefficient and, in many cases, impractical due to the intense sampling of the organ ...

National data indicate that young adults are increasingly vulnerable to the harmful use of nyaope –an illicit drug. Consequently, there is a need for appropriate treatment services. This study aimedto explore and describe experiences users regarding therapeutic services at privatein-patient centres in Gauteng, South Africa. A qualitative operationalised througha case design, specifically an ins...

In order to select a sample in a finite population of N units with given inclusion probabilities, it is possible to define a sampling design on at most N samples that have a positive probability of being selected. Designs defined on minimal sets of samples are called minimum support designs. It is shown that, for any vector of inclusion probabilities, systematic sampling always provides a minim...