This study introduces the free vibration analysis of multilayered symmetric sandwich Timoshenko beams, made of functionally graded materials with two edge cracked, using the finite element method and linear elastic fracture mechanic theory. The FG beam consists of 50 layers, located symmetrically to the neutral plane, whose material properties distribution change along the beam thickness, accor...

In this paper, free vibration analysis of a polymer-based nano-composite beam reinforced by boron-nitride nanotubes and subjected on elastic foundation, is studied. Smooth and defect-free nanotubes with uniform and directly- orientated in matrix are intended. Also, nanotubes’ distribution in the thickness direction of beam is regarded as a uniform distribution of the three different targeted on...

In this paper, nonlinear vibration analysis of functionally graded piezoelectric (FGP) beam with porosities material is investigated based on the Timoshenko beam theory. Material properties of FG porous beam are described according to the rule of mixture which modified to approximate material properties with porosity phases. The Ritz method is used to obtain the governing equation which is then...

Analytical methods presented to analyze the buried steel pipelines at strike-slip fault crossing use the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. The cross-section of a buried pipe that is completely surrounded by soil cannot rotate freely and would not be remained perpendicular to the bending line after deformation. So it would be better to take into consideration a rotation between the cross-section and ...

Abstract Compliant mechanisms (CMs) have presented its inherently advantageous properties due to the fact that CMs utilize elastic deformation of elementary flexible members transfer motion, force, and energy. Previously, classic Euler–Bernoulli beam theory is most used in terms modeling large deflections CMs. However, it has some assumptions may decrease accuracy, such as ignoring shear strain...

In this paper, a relatively new method, namely variational iteration method (VIM), is developed for free vibration analysis of a Timoshenko beam with different boundary conditions. In the VIM, an appropriate Lagrange multiplier is first chosen according to order of the governing differential equation of the boundary value problem, and then an iteration process is used till the desired accuracy ...