although there are studies on pragmatic assessment, to date, literature has been almost silent about native and non-native english raters’ criteria for the assessment of efl learners’ pragmatic performance. focusing on this topic, this study pursued four purposes. the first one was to find criteria for rating the speech acts of apology and refusal in l2 by native and non-native english teachers...

during natural gas processing, water in natural gas may cause to hydrates formation in pipelines which may lead to serious damages to process equipments. given the problems raised by present of water in natural gas, glycol solvent uses to remove water.in contact of glycol with gas always an amount of btex and voc absorb along with water, which on glycol recovery process, these substances separa...

for any educational program to be successful, many factors work hand in hand. based on pervious efl studies, teachers and learners are the keys to gain achievement. granted the fact that explicit and implicit practice plays a key role in education, knowledge of it can help teachers facilitate students’ vocabulary learning. this study investigated to determine the contribution of explicit and i...

within communicative, interactive, and learner-centered framework of language teaching and learning, students need to learn four skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing for their educational success. but of all the language skills, reading enjoys a paramount significance in so many second or foreign language academic contexts. in spite of its importance, language learners still have...

abstract nowadays, industries cannot play a crucial role in national and international competitions. the tourism industry is no exception. tourism industry development as the most important economic sector and income generation is one of the key challenges of economic development in the world. therefore, countries were successful that take advantage of the capabilities of tourism sector using ...

in this study, a simple, rapid and selective method was developed for the determination of dexamethasone. the proposed method is based on inhibitory effect of dexamethasone on the oxidation of orange-g by bromate in sulfuric acid media. the reaction was followed spectrophotometrically at 478.5 nm (?max). under optimum experimental conditions, (72.6 ?mol l-1 of orange-g, 0.76 mol l-1 of h2so4, 0...

126 abstract: in this research we studied the effects of cyclic hydration and dehydration of cysts of artemia urmiana and artemia parthenogenetica on the hatching percentage, survival and growth. the experiment was carried out in 3 treatments (1-3 hydration/dehydration cycles) with 3 replicates for each treatment. later effects of cold preservation at -20°c during three time periods were ...

this experimental study has been conducted to test the effect of oral presentation on the development of l2 learners grammar. but this oral presentation is not merely a deductive instruction of grammatical points, in this presentation two hypotheses of krashen (input and low filter hypotheses), stevicks viewpoints on grammar explanation and correction and widdowsons opinion on limited use of l1...

the present study was an attempt to compare the effect of peer metalinguistic corrective feedback on elementary and intermediate efl learners speaking ability to see which level benefits more from this type of feedback. to this end, 117 female efl learners at grade 3, al-zahra high school in kermanshah, iran were non-randomly chosen. the homogeneity of the participants was attained through a pi...

a simple, rapid and low-cost scanner spectroscopy method for the glucose determination by utilizing glucose oxidase and cdte/tga quantum dots as chromoionophore has been described. the detection was based on the combination of the glucose enzymatic reaction and the quenching effect of h2o2 on the cdte quantum dots (qds) photoluminescence.in this study glucose was determined by utilizing glucose...