the issue of curriculum and syllabus evaluation and revision has been in center of attention right from when curriculum came into attention of educational institutions. thus everywhere in the world in educational institutions curricula and syllabi are evaluated and revised based on the goals, the needs, existing content, etc.. in iran any curriculum is designed in a committee of specialists and...

although there are studies on pragmatic assessment, to date, literature has been almost silent about native and non-native english raters’ criteria for the assessment of efl learners’ pragmatic performance. focusing on this topic, this study pursued four purposes. the first one was to find criteria for rating the speech acts of apology and refusal in l2 by native and non-native english teachers...

Artichoke (Cynara scolymus) is peculiar among the vegetables due to its medicinal properties. Previous studies have been shown that Ultraviolet (UV) radiation stimulates the production of some secondary metabolites in the plants. In the present study, the effects of UV-A (360 nm) radiation on total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant capacity, cynarin content and some morphop...

flow in natural river bends is a complex and turbulent phenomenon which affects the scour and sedimentations and causes an irregular bed topography on the bed. for the reason, the flow hydralics and the parameters which affect the flow to be studied and understand. in this study the effect of bed and wall roughness using the software fluent discussed in a sharp 90-degree flume bend with 40.3cm ...

abstract amino acids are building blocks of proteins, and play a vital role in living beings existence and their functionality. the interaction of these compounds with metal ions is of great importance to biochemists, and chemists, because their functions can be utilized as a model in understanding enzymes mechanism for transport of metal ions to tissues. among twenty essential amino acids w...

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of osmotic stress on physiological characters of wheat cultivars as a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications in 2012 at the Mohaghegh Ardabili University. Twenty wheat cultivars studied in three stress levels (control, -6 and -12 Bars). Analysis of variance showed that the stress had significant effect o...

Water stress is a global crisis and is considered a serious threat for agriculture. Superabsorbent polymers, through improving soil physical conditions, prevent moisture stress in arid and semi-arid areas. To evaluate the effects of a natural superabsorbent (bentonite) and a synthetic superabsorbent (A200) on growth of lettuce, a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with four ...

the aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship among efl learners learning style preferences, use of language learning strategies, and autonomy. a total of 148 male and female learners, between the ages of 18 and 30, majoring in english literature and english translation at islamic azad university, central tehran were randomly selected. a package of three questionnaires was ad...