o bjectives: early diagnosis of incipient and non cavitated carious lesions is crucial for performing preventive treatments. the aim of this study was to compare the effi- ciency of three diagnostic methods of bite-wing radiography, diagnodent, and visu- al examination in diagnosing the incipient occlusal caries of permanent first molars. materials and methods:  in this diagnostic cross-section...

background: we compared the wave amplitude of visually evoked potential (vep) between patients with esotropic and anisometropic amblyopic eyes and a normal group. methods: the wave amplitude of vep was documented in 2 groups of persons with amblyopia (15 with esotropia and 28 with anisometropia) and 1 group of individuals with normal visual acuity (n, 15). the amplitude of p100 was recorded mon...

conclusions our method provided good results and performing evacuation under the guide of bedside ultrasonography is recommended. results we treated 173 patients, including 164 females (94.8%), with the mean (sd) age of 43.75 (10.62) years. according to vas, 95.4% of patients reported complete satisfaction while 2 (1.2%) were unsatisfied with the results. patients reported no complication of th...

introduction: consumption of morphine, during pregnancy, in addition to inducing defects in the mother’s nervous system function, caused defects or delays in the formation and evolution of embryonic visual system. in the present study, changes in lens development were assessed in embryos exposed to morphine in utero. methods: female wistar rats (250-300 g) were mated with male rats and pregnanc...

  Effects of visual deprivation on the induction of epileptiform activity were studied in layer II/III of mature rat primary visual cortex. Field potentials were evoked by stimulation of layer IV in slices from control and dark-reared (OR) rats. Picrotoxin (PTX)-induced epileptic activity was characterized by spontaneous and evoked epileptic field potentials (EFPs). The results showed that OR s...

Background & Aims of the Study: Due to the increasing use of computers in the administrative and social structure of Iran, it seems that, in the near future, eye and body symptoms caused by computer work will become one of the most important health issues in our society, and threaten the health of the workforce and consequently, lead to significant financial and industrial losses. The aim of th...

the present study investigates the central concerns of the use of visuals within the four efl textbooks taught at iranian high schools which have been prescribed by the ministry of education. to do this, the four efl textbooks were evaluated and analyzed. descriptive statistics were used to analyze data quantitatively. the analysis indicated that over the four textbooks, 95.71 percent of all vi...

a 29 days old pakistani female infant was presented to our outpatient department with two weeks history of a rapidly progressing large size facial hemangioma involving most of the right cheek and right eyelids. the infant was unable to open the right eye. there was also a small hemangioma on the right second toe. additionally, three similar lesions were found on the right side of the palate and...