Aerial surveys using direct counts of animals are commonly used to estimate deer abundance. Forward-looking infrared (FLIR) technology is increasingly replacing traditional methods such as visual observation from helicopters. Our goals were to compare fixed-wing FLIR and visual, helicopter-based counts in terms of relative bias, influence of snow cover and cost. We surveyed five plots: four 41....

Preserving biodiversity is a global challenge requiring data on species' distribution and abundance over large geographic and temporal scales. However, traditional methods to survey mobile species' distribution and abundance in marine environments are often inefficient, environmentally destructive, or resource-intensive. Metabarcoding of environmental DNA (eDNA) offers a new means to assess bio...

Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) form an important area of research. In spite of its importance, it is difficult for researchers to evaluate the domain primarily because of a considerable spread of relevant literature in interdisciplinary domains. Previous surveys of CDSS have examined the domain from the perspective of individual disciplines. However, to the best of our knowledge, no v...

This paper presents a new bridge management system (J-BMS). It is integrated with a concrete bridge rating expert system that can be used to evaluate the serviceability of existing concrete bridges. The proposed J-BMS not only evaluates the performance of bridges, but also offers a rehabilitation strategy based on a combination of maintenance cost minimization and quality maximization. In this ...

This paper provides an image processing framework to assist in the inspection and, more generally, the data association of a natural environment, which we demonstrate in a long-term lakeshore monitoring task with an autonomous surface vessel. Our domain consists of 55 surveys of a 1 km lakeshore collected over a year and a half. Our previous work introduced a framework in which images of the sa...

here has been a great interest recently in systems that use graphics to aid in the programming, ' debugging, and understanding of computer systems. The terms ''Visual Programming'' and 'Program Visualization'' have been applied to these systems. This paper attempts to provide-t more meaning to these terms by giving precise definitions, and then surveys a number of sys ems that can be classified...

Vision perception is ambiguous and visual arts play with these ambiguities. While perceptual ambiguities are resolved with prior constraints, artistic ambiguities are resolved by conventions. Is there a relationship between priors and conventions? This review surveys recent work related to these ambiguities in composition, spatial scale, illumination and color, three-dimensional layout, shape, ...

here has been a great interest recently in systems that use graphics to aid in the programming, ' debugging, and understanding of computer systems. The terms ''Visual Programming'' and 'Program Visualization'' have been applied to these systems. This paper attempts to provide-t more meaning to these terms by giving precise definitions, and then surveys a number of sys ems that can be classified...