Although some phonetic variability is inevitable in speech production, adult speech is fairly consistent. Thus, part of becoming a competent adult speaker is learning to appropriately limit the variability in one’s speech. It is generally believed that phonology is mastered relatively early; however, this does not take into account the refinement of articulation required to reign in the variabi...

hand, they have made forecasts of the future where fancy has been allowed to reign in attempting to foretell what is likely to happen in our department, and to depict, in eloquent and fascinating descriptions, the anticipated improvements which our successors will achieve either by their own efforts or by building on the foundations of their predecessors. Truth, however, surpasses fiction in ma...

Mettler (1947) suggested that the first description of herpes febrilis was given by the Roman physician Herodotus, who lived in A.D. 100 in the reign of Trajan. Herodotus described "the herpetic eruptions which appeared about the mouth at the crisis of simple fevers, and the weals of febrile urticaria". AMtius of Amanda (1949a, b), Royal physician and Lord High Chamberlain at the Court of Byzan...

This article discusses the theological virtue of hope in relation to Christian expectation God's coming reign. Hope, as distinct from optimism and all sorts individualistic hopes, refers gift future. Hence, tension between expecting reign, on one hand, challenge living constructively here now, other engages approaches hope. It is argued that divine love, rather than faith, provides main source ...


 The reign of the Abbasid caliph al-Muqtafī (r. 1136–1160) was one great historical significance. Despite his having been chosen and elevated to caliphate by Seljuq sultans during nadir power, after they had murdered deposed another, it who finally succeeded in reestablishing political rule over Iraq. This article traces course al-Muqtafī’s relations with sultans, analyzes how why he revi...