The balanced scorecard (BSC) has developed as a very useful managerial tool from the mid1990s, and has met with general (and often enthusiastic) acceptance in both business and academic circles. In the knowledge-networked innovation economy of the early 21 century, which is increasingly characterized by globally integrated supply and demand chains, outsourcing of traditional business competenci...

In recent years, flexible manufacturing system as a response to market demands has been proposed to increase product diversity, optimum utilization of machines andperiods of short-term products.The development of computer systems has provided the ability to build machines with high functionality and the necessary flexibility to perform various operations. However, due to the complexity and the ...

The Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) in Afghanistan has developed a balanced scorecard (BSC) to regularly monitor the progress of its strategy to deliver a basic package of health services. Although frequently used in other health-care settings, this represents the first time that the BSC has been employed in a developing country. The BSC was designed via a collaborative process focusing on tra...

This paper develops a controlling instrument for data warehouse systems based on the Balanced Scorecard BSC approach. On the basis of the technological aspects of data warehouse systems, the BSC perspectives are developed and populated with relevant objectives and measures for data warehouse success. These perspectives are integrated into a consistent data warehouse scorecard. Finally, this ins...

vital decisions made at the strategic level in an organization are not only intricate but also costly to alter. it is therefore important to find a comprehensive approach to deal with such a possibility. one of the major problems of a common balanced scorecard (bsc)-based model in strategic management is lack of a ranking system for strategic objectives in order to enable prioritization of the ...

A decision support for forecasting of collaboration level of supply chain management (SCM) has attracted lots of important decision making in the SCM managers and chief executive officers (CEOs) However, there are no guidelines and prediction models for SCM collaboration. Therefore, the company which pursues SCM can't execute control of collaboration systematically and scientifically In this re...

BACKGROUND Cervical dystonia (CD) involves painful involuntary contraction of the neck and shoulder muscles and abnormal posture in middle-aged adults. Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-A) is effective in treating CD but little is known about its associated cost-effectiveness. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of abobotulinumtoxinA for treating CD from the UK payer perspective. M...

Formalism based on GA is an alternative to distributed representation models developed so far — Smolensky’s tensor product, Holographic Reduced Representations (HRR) and Binary Spatter Code (BSC). Convolutions are replaced by geometric products, interpretable in terms of geometry which seems to be the most natural language for visualization of higher concepts. This paper recalls the main ideas ...