The nascent debate on corporate governance in India has tended to draw heavily on the large Anglo-American literature on the subject. This paper argues however that the corporate governance problems in India are very different. The governance issue in the US or the UK is essentially that of disciplining the management who have ceased to be effectively accountable to the owners. The problem in t...

The purpose of this study is to analyse and provide recommendations for national law, related law enforcement in violations against minorities (fraud on minorities) shareholders create corrective justice during the covid-19 period. Minority Shareholders are a group that classified as vulnerable actions can result losses. For reason, efforts Shareholder fraud needed, legal protection recovery lo...

BACKGROUND In persistently unsafe environments, the cumulative exposure to violence predicts not only the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but also of increased aggression and violent outbursts. Substance use disorders interact with these developments, as drug consumption may blunt symptoms and also reduce the threshold for violent acts. Investigating the interplay between t...

This paper conducts a systematic analysis of the determinants of the relative price difference between voting and non-voting shares (“dual-class premium”) within the context of a mandatory bid rule. This rule implies that the acquirer of a control block is also obliged to offer minority shareholders the same (or partially the same) price for their shares. In the presence of the rule, the dual-c...

The use of equity-based compensation is an increasingly popular means by which to align the incentives of top management with that of the shareholders. However, recent theoretical and empirical research suggests that the use of equity-based compensation has the unintended consequence of creating the incentive to commit managerial fraud of the type being reported in the press. This paper reports...

Close corporations account for 51 percent of the private sector output and 52 percent of all private employment in the US. Understanding governance issues and agency problems facing these firms is therefore of considerable importance. Legal scholars extensively recommend that the main shareholder in close firms surrender some control to minority shareholders at the outset in order to improve ov...

For a sample of 1866 privatizations from 37 countries, we estimate the impact of disclosure standards and legal institutions that discipline auditors on the method chosen to divest state-owned enterprises. The agency conflict between minority and controlling shareholders can impede a government from privatizing by selling its stake to diffuse investors in the public capital market with a share-...

Violence associated with chronic phencyclidine (PCP) abuse was investigated by administering a structured interview to 16 chronic PCP abusers. A more intensive study was done of another individual who committed murder and self-mutilation under the influence of PCP. The results suggest that there is no consistent association between PCP-related violence and a history of violence not related to d...