The purpose of this research is to predict the individualchr('39')s attitude through their beliefs about advertising by using sports. This research is practical and is of the correlation method which was carried out as a field study. The statistical population was the spectators present at Azadi Stadium and according to the content of Cochran sample, 342 of the spectators were randomly chosen a...

The rapid rise of online sales has introduced technologies that promise better targeting of consumers for specific ads. Thus far the literature has not differentiated between online advertising strategies and, instead, explores whether one strategy is more effective than another in identifying a consumer with a propensity to buy a particular product, in the belief that a higher transaction rate...

If tobacco advertising and promotion increase cigarette consumption, they are issues for public health policy. Although public health advocates assert that tobacco advertising does increase cigarette consumption, there is a significant empirical literature that finds little or no effect of tobacco advertising on smoking. In this chapter, these empirical studies are examined more closely with se...

In this paper, we explore a statistical framework for mutual bilingual terminology extraction. We propose three probabilistic models to assess the proposition that automatic alignment can play an active role in bilingual terminology extraction and translate it into mutual bilingual terminology extraction. The results indicate that such models are valid and can show that mutual bilingual termino...

A method is presented for automatically augmenting the bilingual lexicon of an existing Machine Translation system, by extracting bilingual entries from aligned bilingual text. The proposed method only relies on the resources already available in the MT system itself. It is based on the use of bilingual lexical templates to match the terminal symbols in the parses of the aligned sentences.

this research was conducted to examine whether there was a significant difference between the quality of translations produced by translation students who used bilingual (english to farsi) dictionaries with that of those using monolingual (english to english) dictionaries. to this end, 78 senior undergraduate students of english translation took part in a piloted english proficiency test, 60 of...

Whether bilingual children outperform monolingual children on visuospatial and verbal working memory tests was investigated. In addition, relations among bilingual proficiency, language use at home, and working memory were explored. The bilingual Turkish-Dutch children (n=68) in this study were raised in families with lower socioeconomic status (SES) and had smaller Dutch vocabularies than Dutc...

We explore the usability of different bilingual corpora for the purpose of multilingual and cross-lingual natural language processing. The usability of bilingual corpus is evaluated by the lexical alignment score calculated for the bi-lexicon pair distributed in the aligned bilingual sentence pairs. We compare and contrast a number of bilingual corpora, ranging from parallel, to comparable, and...

Although bilingual language research has increased considerably over the past few decades, there is still much controversy regarding the mechanisms of bilingual language acquisition. The present work aims to provide insights into potential mechanisms of bilingual language learning by utilizing a novel word-learning paradigm in which monolingual and bilingual adults (Experiment 1) and children (...

Advertising is not only as a tool to increase company sales. Fast development of mass communication tools and added new mediums to advertising media have been introduced the advertising as a key element in the success or failure of a company. Due to the intense competition between companies and the fast growth of markets and changes in consumer behavior, advertising is taken into consideration ...