background change theories provide an opportunity for organizational managers to plan, monitor and evaluate changes using a framework which enable them, among others, to show a fast response to environmental fluctuations and to predict the changing patterns of individuals and technology. the current study aimed to explore whether the change in the public accounting system of the iranian health ...

Some quality characteristics are well defined when treated as response variables and are related to some independent variables. This relationship is called a profile. Parametric models, such as linear models, may be used to model profiles. However, in practical applications due to the complexity of many processes it is not usually possible to model a process using parametric models.In these cas...

The process of type II second-harmonic generation has been investigated theoretically. It is found that, unlike in the process of type I second-harmonic generation, phase matching is not necessary for a significant shift of the pump wave phase to be produced. The simple inequality of the intensities of interacting waves suffices for this effect to occur.

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A geographical representation of the amplitude and phase distribution of the solar sernicliurilal pressure oscillation over North America shows clearly the amphidromic point expected here because of the superposition of the traveling and standing semidiurnal waves. It indicates also certain peculiarities in the phase :~nd amplitude distribution which may bc due t o orogritphic and coastal influ...

The role of the liquid-crystal layer in the phase-shifting shearing interferometer that was proposed by Griffin [Opt. Lett. 26, 140 (2001)] is analyzed. An extra voltage-dependent phase difference is produced when the phase retarder is oriented at an angle from the optical axis of the laser beam such that the interferogram will not repeat itself after a 2pi phase change of the liquid-crystal re...

The effect of rapid phase change on chirped continuum pulses is studied with a frequency-domain interferometer. Because of the chirp, temporal evolution of the optical Kerr response in CS(2) is projected into difference phase spectra. The chirped continuum shows spectral shifts that are due to induced phase modulation even when the continuum has a flat spectrum.

Ga:La:S:Cu films have been prepared by sputter deposition. Amorphous thin films were fabricated with Cu concentrations as high as 66 at.%. The electrical phase change properties of these films have been investigated. The electrical resistivity of these materials is 200 Om in the amorphous state and 40 Om in the crystalline state. The crystallisation time was measured using an optical pump probe...