The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a small enveloped RNA virus belonging to the family flaviviridae and genus hepacivirus. The HCV RNA genome is 9,600 nucleotides in length and encodes a single polyprotein that is post-translationally cleaved into 10 polypeptides including t3 structural (C, E1, and E2) and multiple nonstructural proteins ([NS] NS2 to NS5). The NS proteins include enzymes necessary ...

Dear Editor Program directors need to evaluate educationalprograms to ensure their quality (1). The resultsof a survey conducted in Tehran University ofMedical Sciences (TUMS) in early 2012 showedthat program evaluation was not an establishedprocess in the majority of schools. It was at besta stand-alone project focusing on a single courseor a particular component of it with no structuredfollow...

Background Evaluation of treatment programs in addiction field is a prerequisite to improve the quality of care. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Therapeutic Community (TC) program in Iran.   Methods Individuals who had voluntarily enrolled in the TC center within a period of seven years, from early 2005 to late 2011, entered the study. Those who successfully completed the 1...

Tuberculosis treatment course completion is crucial to protect patients against prolonged infectiousness, relapse, lengthened and more expensive therapy due to multidrug resistance TB. Up to 50% of all patients do not complete treatment course. To solve this problem, TB treatment with patient supervision and support as an element of the “global plan to stop TB” was considered by the World Healt...

Distinct psychological processes have been proposed to unfold in decision-making. The time course of neural mechanisms supporting these processes has not been fully identified. The present MEG study examined spatio-temporal activity related to components of decision-making proposed to support reward valuation, reward prediction, and outcome evaluation. Each trial presented information on reward...

In a retrospective survey of patients hospitalized in the University Hospital of Basel, Switzerland, the course and outcome of 281 cases of true bacteremia due to Staphylococcus aureus over a 7-year period were analyzed. The main purpose was to evaluate different case definitions. In 78% of cases the source of bacteremia was obvious; vascular access sites (27%) and wounds (10%) were the most co...

background: emphasis on revise and provide new methods of evaluation in medical colleges are widely increasing. evaluation methods based on clinical practice and students’ performance appraisement in health care system and in medical student is introduced as an effective method in some studies. methods: the aim of this study was to consider the usefulness of a new method to evaluate the medical...