In addition to the wireless telephone boom, similar exponential increasing trend in wireless data service – short messaging services (SMS) –, is visible, as technology advances. Given these interesting communication trends, we develop a structural model to understand mobile users’ behavior in the individual level consumption of voice and SMS services, allowing for cross-service dependencies. Th...

We estimate the price elasticity of water demand with household-level data, structurally modeling the piecewise-linear budget constraints imposed by increasing block pricing. We develop a mathematical expression for the unconditional price elasticity of demand under increasing block prices and compare conditional and unconditional elasticities analytically and empirically. We test the hypothesi...

Milk production supply response at the regional level for the U.S. dairy sector is estimated through the use of dynamic dual models. Adjustment rates and elasticity measures are presented, and then the estimated parameter coefficients are used to stimulate shifts in production resulting from price changes. A drop in milk price designed to realign market conditions is projected to be borne large...

To optimize the cost and performance of complex cloud services under dynamic requirements, workflows and diverse cloud offerings, we rely on different elasticity control processes. An elasticity control process, when being enforced, produces effects in different parts of the cloud service. These effects normally evolve in time and depend on workload characteristics, and on the actions within th...

price is one of the four elements of marketing mix. one of the important decisions any business faces is select pricing strategies that can be effective in achieving company goals. pricing methods are generally divided into cost-based and value-based methods. considering that the marginal cost of information goods is zero, the pricing methods of these goods is value-based. in this study, mtn ir...

BACKGROUND In Bangladesh, the average excise tax on cigarettes accounted for just 38% of the average retail price of cigarettes in 2009, and 45% in 2010. Both these rates are well below the WHO recommended share of 70% of the retail price at a minimum. There is thus ample room for raising taxes on cigarettes in Bangladesh. The objective of the present work was therefore to estimate the price el...