The transmission of Alfvén waves at parallel shocks is treated self-consistently, i.e., taking the pressure and energy flux exerted by the waves into account when determining the shock’s gas compression ratio. The resulting test-particle acceleration and transport parameters at the shock are shown to be functions of five parameters: the Alfvénic Mach number of the shock, the upstream plasma bet...

A broadened or double humped away-side structure was observed in 2particle azimuthal jet-like correlations at RHIC and SPS. This modification can be explained by conical emission, from either Mach-cone shock waves or Čerenkov gluon radiation, and by other physics mechanisms, such as large angle gluon radiation, jets deflected by radial flow and path-length dependent energy loss. Three-particle ...

We investigate the role of Alfvén waves in the core-collapse supernova (SN) explosion. We assume that Alfvén waves are generated by convections inside a proto-neutron star (PNS) and emitted from its surface. Then these waves propagate outwards and dissipate via nonlinear processes and heat up matter around a stalled prompt shock. To quantitatively assess the importance of this process for reviv...

The present study investigates the effects of low-energy defocused extracorporeal generated shock waves on collagen structure of cellulite afflicted skin. Cellulite measurement using high-resolution ultrasound technology was performed before and after low-energy defocused extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in 21 female subjects. ESWT was applied onto the skin at the lateral thigh twice a ...

Abstract The change in entropy is calculated due to propagation of blast waves, produced by the explosion of spherical charge in sea water, using the energy hypothesis of Thomas. The release of energy is considered as instantaneous and the gravitation of earth is taken into account, assuming the earth to be a sphere of uniform density. For the sake of simplicity, effect of rotation of the earth...

Successful experimental and clinical experience with thrombus ablation has been attained with high-power acoustic energy delivered in a catheter. The goal of this study was to investigate the feasibility of noninvasive thrombus ablation by focused high-power acoustic energy. The source for high-power acoustic energy was a shock-wave generator in a water tank equipped with an acoustic lens with ...

This paper investigates the nature of the MHD turbulence excited by the streaming of accelerated cosmic rays in a shock wave precursor. The two recognised regimes (non-resonant and resonant) of the streaming instability are taken into account. We show that the non-resonant instability is very efficient and saturates through a balance between its growth and non-linear transfer. The cosmic-ray re...

Stationary solutions to the equations of non-linear diffusive shock acceleration play a fundamental role in the theory of cosmic-ray acceleration. Their existence usually requires that a fraction of the accelerated particles be allowed to escape from the system. Because the scattering mean-free-path is thought to be an increasing function of energy, this condition is conventionally implemented ...