Hidden Markov model (HMM) has been successfully applied to anomlay detection as a technique to model normal behavior. Despite its good performance, there are some problems in applying it to real intrusion detection systems: it requires large amount of time to model normal behaviors and the false-positive error rate is relatively high. To remedy these problems, we have proposed two techniques: e...

olive oil is one of the foods that are preferred by consumers seeking healthy nutrition. healthy, safety and high quality olive oil production can only be achieved in olive oil enterprises that follow these criteria. therefore, food safety and quality management systems should be placed in these olive oil enterprises. the aim of this study was to determine behaviors and attitudes of firm owners...

Surveys are the primary information source about adolescents’ health risk behaviors, but adolescents may not report their behaviors accurately. Survey data are used for formulating adolescent health policy, and inaccurate data can cause mistakes in policy creation and evaluation. The author used test-retest data from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (United States, 2000) to compare adolescents’ r...

1. introduction how people manage risks and which variables influence on the process of risk management play a crucial role in providing productive urban disaster management and increasing public participation in the urban risk management programs. the purpose of this study is to better understand the motivations of residents in adopting reduction risk behaviors to protect themselves and their ...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Time management is an extensive concept that is associated with promoting the performance of managers. The present study was carried out to investigate the time management behaviors along with its related factors among senior nurse mangers. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this descriptive-analytical study, 180 senior nurse managers were selected using census method. The instru...

The longstanding and widespread tradition of the person approach focuses on the unsafe acts—errors and procedural violations—of people at the sharp end: nurses, physicians, surgeons, anaesthetists, pharmacists, and the like. It views these unsafe acts as arising primarily from aberrant mental processes such as forgetfulness, inattention, poor motivation, carelessness, negligence, and recklessne...

Error management theory is a theory of considerable scope and emerging influence. The theory claims that cognitive biases do not necessarily reflect flaws in evolutionary design, but that they may be best conceived as design features. Unfortunately, existing accounts are vague with respect to the key concept of bias. The result is that it is unclear that the cognitive biases that the theory see...

When designing a software module or system, a software engineer needs to consider and differentiate between how the system handles external and internal errors. External errors must be tolerated by the system, while internal errors should be discovered and eliminated. This paper presents a development strategy based on design contracts to minimize the amount of internal errors in a software sys...