Corpora in linguistics and computational linguistics have traditionally been assembled from data sources such as newspaper texts, books and, more recently, the web. While these sources provide large quantities of language data, typically very little or nothing is known about the context under which the text has been produced. The only information an analysis can refer to is the text itself, e.g...

The availability of robust and deep syntactic parsing can improve the performance of all modules of a Question Answering system. In this article, this is illustrated using examples from our QA system Joost, a Dutch QA system which has been used for both open and closed domain QA. The system can make use of information found in the fully parsed version of the document collections. We demonstrate...

Language is not only from words, but also meaning behind those words. In discourse, there are two components: intra linguistics and extra linguistics. Intra-linguistic component means discourse build word to word, phrase phrase, sentences sentences, paragraph at the end it becomes discourse. Extra competences have some components, settings, purposes, others when text composed. I will explain ho...

In Brown and Levinson’s politeness theory, the degree of indirectness of an utterance is presumed to be commensurate with the sum of the variables of Distance, Power and Ranking of an imposition. This claim was tested with reference to a corpus of spontaneous requests from Cypriot Greek. It emerged that, rather than motivating the choice of a ‘generic’ politeness strategy corresponding to a cer...

We describe Bayesian models that learn semantic representations from either extra-linguistic data or intralinguistic data, or from both in combination. We evaluate the validity of these models using three human-based measures of semantic similarity. The results provide strong evidence for the hypothesis that human semantic representations are the product of the statistical combination of extraa...

since we cannot manage what we cannot control, and we cannot control what we do not measure, the measurement of knowledge management (km) effectiveness is a very important issue. this study aims at developing a methodology to evaluate the km effectiveness under fuzziness in research organizations. in order to develop such a methodology and to define measures of km effectiveness, first the relev...

Knowledge acquisition is a serious bottleneck for natural language understanding systems. For this reason, large-scale linguistic resources have been compiled and made available by organizations such as the Linguistic Data Consortium (Comlex) and Princeton University (WordNet). Systems making use of these resources can greatly accelerate the development process by avoiding the need for the deve...

By combining multiple clauses into one single sentence, a text generation system can express the same amount of information in fewer words and at the same time, produce a great variety of complex constructions. In this paper, we describe hypotactic and paratactic operators for generating complex sentences from clause-sized semantic representations. These two types of operators are portable and ...

Consideration of the metalinguistic effects of utterances involving vague terms has led Barker [1] to treat vagueness using a modified Stalnakerian model of assertion. I present a sorites-like puzzle for factual beliefs in the standard Stalnakerian model [28] and show that it can be resolved by enriching the model to make use of probabilistic belief spaces. An analogous problem arises for metal...