RESUMEN: This paper has both substantive and methodological concerns: Substantively, it is concerned with changes in the treatment of the concept "enlightenment" over the course of the nineteenth century. Its goal is to track the transmission, translation, and appropriation of German discussions on the nature, ends, and implications of Aufklärung into English. Its particular focus lies with the...

RESUMEN: This paper has both substantive and methodological concerns: Substantively, it is concerned with changes in the treatment of the concept "enlightenment" over the course of the nineteenth century. Its goal is to track the transmission, translation, and appropriation of German discussions on the nature, ends, and implications of Aufklärung into English. Its particular focus lies with the...

Listening, the very basic language skill is consistently interrelated and intervened with the other language skills speaking, reading and writing. Until the late nineteenth century written mode is predominant in language learning and then onwards listening began to gain its significance in language teaching. The challenges towards teaching listening are now better understood because of the new ...

BECAUSE one focus of Freud's work was his theory of infantile sexuality, there has been some interest in identifying other nineteenth-century writers who discussed this phenomenon.' Also, because of Freud's early papers on male hysteria, there has been interest in nineteenth-century beliefs about the occurrence of hysteria in males.2 Curiously enough, however, almost no one seems to have paid m...