[1] Correct representations of root functioning, such as root water uptake and hydraulic redistribution, are critically important for modeling the responses of vegetation to droughts and seasonal changes in soil moisture content. However, these processes are poorly represented in global land surface models. In this study, we incorporated two root functions: a root water uptake function which as...

Satellite imagery has been used to acquire seasonal terminus positions of tidewater Hubbard Glacier, Alaska, USA, from 1992 to 2006. During this 15 year time period, the width-averaged advance of the entire terminus has been 620m at a mean rate of 35ma. Seasonal fluctuation of the terminus ranges from 150 to 200m on average and varies spatially. A section of the terminus, near a narrow gap wher...

[1] Seasonal variability of vegetation, determined by plant phenology, impacts the seasonality of surface and atmospheric water cycles as well as the seasonality of surface energy budget. At the same time, leaf seasonal variations respond to both cumulative and concurrent hydrometeorological conditions. In order to account for this vegetation feedback at the seasonal timescale, a predictive phe...

Recent observations suggest that the export of Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) from the Weddell Sea has a seasonal cycle in its temperature and salinity that is correlated with annual wind stress variations. This variability has been attributed to annual vertical excursions of the isopycnals in theWeddell Gyre, modifying the water properties at the depth of the Orkney Passage. Recent studies attr...

In desert species, seasonal peaks in animal activity often correspond with times of higher rainfall. However, the underlying reason for such seasonality can be hard to discern because the rainy season is often associated with shifts in temperature as well as water and food availability. We used a combination of the natural climate pattern of the Sonoran Desert and periodic water supplementation...

Hydrographic measurements from four cruises between January 1993 and January 1994 over the continental shelf west of the Antarctic Peninsula allow analysis of seasonal changes in heat and salt content of this region. Changes above the permanent pycnocline (about 150 m) follow a seasonal pattern of cooling and increasing in salt from summer to winter and warming and freshening from winter to sum...

Seasonal changes in abundance of nitrifiers (ammonia-oxidizing and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria) in surface and bottom water of freshwater ponds were examined with respect to temperature, DO, pH as well as concentration of ammonia and nitrite. The most probable number (MPN) of ammonia-oxidizers in different ponds varied from 1297 +/- 3.6 to 1673.23 +/- 0.36 ml(-1) in bottom and 720.5 +/- 8.1 to 9...