Despite games often being used as a testbed for new computational intelligence techniques, the majority of artificial intelligence in commercial games is scripted. This means that the computer agents are non-adaptive and often inherently exploitable because of it. In this paper, we describe a learning system designed for team strategy development in a real time multi-agent domain. We test our s...

Recently there has been debate over the importance of innate avoidance of aposematic prey by predators, particularly birds. There is evidence that the predators have innate or unlearned, thus, inherited avoidance against certain colors, but whether there is any innate avoidance against gregariousness or conspicuousness is unclear. Previously predator behavior toward these characters of aposemat...

Gradient descent learning algorithms have proven effective in solving mixed strategy games. The policy hill climbing (PHC) variants of WoLF (Win or Learn Fast) and PDWoLF (Policy Dynamics based WoLF) have both shown rapid convergence to equilibrium solutions by increasing the accuracy of their gradient parameters over standard Q-learning. Likewise, cooperative learning techniques using weighted...

BACKGROUND Prenatal or embryonic learning, behavioral change following experience made prior to birth, may have significant consequences for postnatal foraging behavior in a wide variety of animals, including mammals, birds, fish, amphibians, and molluscs. However, prenatal learning has not been previously shown in arthropods such as insects, spiders and mites. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS ...

Photosymbiosis is a widespread form of mutualistic symbiosis found among many metazoan lineages (Melo Clavijo et al., 2018) and particularly beneficial for the animal host. The assimilates translocated by symbionts to host can meet or even supersede host's nutritional demands, this important reef-building corals (Stanley & Lipps, 2011). A rather unusual photosymbiosis some sacoglossan sea slugs...

UNLABELLED Rarely, if ever, has a single bacterial cell been confirmed to simultaneously host two fundamentally different predators. Two such predators are viruses and the predatory prokaryotes known as Bdellovibrio and like organisms. Viruses or bacteriophage are particles requiring prey cells in an active metabolic state to complete their life cycle. The Bdellovibrio and like organisms, unlik...

This experiment attempts to use NeuroEvolution of Augmenting Topologies (NEAT) create a Multiagent System that coevolves cooperative learning agents with a learning task in the form of three predators hunting the prey. Since the prey is hardcoded in a way that eludes the nearest predator, methods to capture the prey elude supervised learning techniques, i.e. cooperation is required to succeed. ...

Predators as diverse as snakes, scorpions, spiders, insects and snails manufacture venoms to incapacitate their prey. Most venoms contain a cocktail of neurotoxins and each neurotoxin is designed to target specific receptors in the nervous and muscular systems. Most neurotoxins act peripherally and interfere with the ability of the prey's nervous system to generate muscle contraction or relaxat...

Understanding predator-prey relationships among insects is a challenging task in the domain of insect-colony research. This is due to several factors involved, such as determining whether a particular behavior is the result of a predator-prey interaction, a friend-foe interaction or another kind of interaction. In this paper, we analyze a series of predator-prey and friend-foe interactions in t...