Simple catalysts that use atom-economical oxygen as the terminal oxidant to accomplish selective ortho-ortho, ortho-para, or para-para homo-couplings of phenols are described. In addition, chromium salen catalysts have been discovered as uniquely effective in the cross-coupling of different phenols with high chemo- and regioselectivity.

Mannich bases were prepared from substituted phenols with aliphatic amines and formal­ dehyde. Amine exchange with N-methyl-2-naphthylamine followed by a Hofmann Martius rearrangement gave rise to o,o'-amino-hydroxy-diphenylmethane derivatives. Under cyclization conditions some of these compounds produced spirocyclohexadienones, which are the ipso analogs to the hypothetic intermediates postula...

Estonian shale oil contains about 25--30% phenols, and their action determines the toxicity of shale oils. The clinical symptoms of intoxication are rather similar, regardless of route of administration. Due to neurotropic action, the coordination of movements is impaired, and clonic and tetanic convulsions, paresis and paralysis of extremities, and narcosis are observed. In subacute and chroni...

Diets rich in fruits and vegetables (FV), which contain (poly)phenols, protect against age-related inflammation and chronic diseases. T-lymphocytes contribute to systemic cytokine production and are modulated by FV intake. Little is known about the relative potency of different (poly)phenols in modulating cytokine release by lymphocytes. We compared thirty-one (poly)phenols and six (poly)phenol...

Grapes are significant sources of nutritional antioxidants as well as biologically active dietary components. This study was carried out to determine the amount of total phenols, anthocyanins and antioxidant activity of 35 grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars grown in Fars province (Iran). Ripened bunches were randomly harvested from grapevine collection in Zarghan (Fars province, Iran) Agri...

the genus verbascum l. belongs to the family scrophulariaceae and includes plants that have been used widely in traditional medicine for a long time. methanolic extracts of three verbascum species from flora of iran were in vitro screened for their possible antioxidant activities by three complementary test systems, namely dpph free radical-scavenging, metal chelating activity and β-carotene/li...

The deficiency of robust and practical methods for 18F-radiofluorination is a bottleneck for positron emission tomography (PET) tracer development. Here, we report the first transition-metal-assisted 18F-deoxyfluorination of phenols. The transformation benefits from readily available phenols as starting materials, tolerance of moisture and ambient atmosphere, large substrate scope, and translat...

An operationally simple ipso fluorination of phenols with a new deoxyfluorination reagent is presented.

Insects from a variety of Orders have been shown to detoxify phenols by conjugation with glucose and this mechanism has been suggested as a systematic biochemical characteristic of insects (Smith, 1955a). The phenols may be foreign compounds or may be those formed in the normal course of metabolism (Smith, 1955b, 1964; Kent & Brunet, 1959; Stay & Roth, 1962; Butenandt, Biekert, Kubler & Linzen,...