Cbl-associated protein (CAP) is an adaptor protein that plays important roles in both signal transduction and cytoskeleton rearrangement. Alternative splicing of the gene SORBS1 results in multiple isoforms of CAP protein. We report here the cloning of 3 new CAP isoforms, CAP2, CAP3, and CAP4, from mouse adipose tissue. RT-PCR analyses reveal that the isoform mRNAs are differentially expressed....

The Drosophila Hox gene Ultrabithorax (Ubx) produces a family of protein isoforms through alternative splicing. Isoforms differ from one another by the presence of optional segments-encoded by individual exons-that modify the distance between the homeodomain and a cofactor-interaction module termed the "YPWM" motif. To investigate the functional implications of Ubx alternative splicing, here we...

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most important health problems with increasing prevalence worldwide. Oxidative stress that is a result of imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and antioxidant defense mechanisms has been demonstrated as a main pathology in DM. Hyperglycemia-induced ROS productions can induce oxidative stress through four major molecular mechanisms inclu...

Using specific antibodies against isoforms of WAVE (WASP [Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein] family Verprolinhomologous protein, also called Scar), we demonstrated that human platelets express all 3 isoforms. With the use of an in vitro pull-down technique, the src homology 3 (SH3) domain of insulin receptor substrate p53 (IRSp53) precipitated WAVE2 from platelet lysates more efficiently than di...

Abstract Objectives Aside from the activity of gaseous transmitter molecule nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic GMP producing enzyme soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) in human penile erectile tissue, intracellular receptor proteins activated by binding have been considered to play a significant role erection process. In animal models, down-regulation GMP-dependent/binding protein kinase I (cGKI) has link...

There is increasing evidence to indicate that insulin‑like growth factor (IGF)‑1 plays a crucial role in the regeneration of different tissues following injury. Notably, despite escalating number animal studies, studies investigating IGF‑1 wound healing process humans are fewer. In this context, aim present study was evaluate variations expression isoforms (IGF1‑Ea, IGF1‑Eb and IGF1‑Ec), as wel...

C/EBPa protein domains The basic region leucine zipper domain mediates DNA binding, homodimerization of C/EBPa and heterodimerization with other members of the C/EBP family. This region is also involved in mediating protein-protein interactions with other transcription factors involved in lineage determination and growth proliferation. N-terminal region transactivating domains mediate interacti...

Erythroid protein 4.1 (4.1R) stabilizes the spectrin-actin network and anchors it to the plasma membrane. To contribute to the characterization of non-erythroid protein 4.1R, we used sedimentation, pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation assays to investigate the ability of protein 4.1R to establish inter-/intra-molecular associations. We demonstrated that the small 4.1R isoforms of 60 kDa (4.1R60...

Resulted from alternative splicing of the 5' exons, the nuclear receptor gene E75 in the silkworm, Bombyx mori, processes three mRNA isoforms, BmE75A, BmE75B and BmE75C. From the early 5(th) larval instar to the prepupal stages, BmE75A mRNA and protein levels in the prothoracic glands display developmental profiles similar to ecdysteroid titer. In the fat body, mRNA levels but not protein level...

Protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms constitute an important component of the signal transduction pathway used by cardiomyocytes to respond to a variety of extracellular stimuli. Translocation to distinct intracellular sites represents an essential step in the activation of PKC isoforms, presumably as a prerequisite for stable access to substrate. Caveolae are specialized subdomains of the plasma me...