1 At the Millennium Assembly in September 2000, the world’s leaders signed a global compact to reduce extreme poverty in the Millennium Declaration. The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which are drawn from the Millennium Declaration, call for a decisive reduction of extreme poverty in its key dimensions – income, hunger, disease, environmental degradation, and lack of access to basic servi...

A widely accepted account of causation (Lewis, 1973) asserts: (1) If F and E both occur but F would not have occurred unless E had occured, then E causes F . This obviously implies (2) One’s birth causes one’s death. an extremely odd result. But is it a counter-example? Lewis (2000) suggests that the oddness of (2) is due not to obvious falsity but to being “too obvious to be worth mentioning” ...

A module $M$ is called $emph{H}$-cofinitely supplemented if for every cofinite submodule $E$ (i.e. $M/E$ is finitely generated) of $M$ there exists a direct summand $D$ of $M$ such that $M = E + X$ holds if and only if $M = D + X$, for every submodule $X$ of $M$. In this paper we study factors, direct summands and direct sums of $emph{H}$-cofinitely supplemented modules. Let $M$ be an $emph{H}...

background: spermatogonial stem cells (sscs), a subset of undifferentiated type a spermatogonia, are the foundation of complex process of spermatogenesis and could be propagated in vitro culture conditions for long time for germ cell transplantation and fertility preservation. objective: the aim of this study was in vitro propagation of human spermatogonial stem cells (sscs) and improvement of ...

t h e s p e c i a l c o n c e n t r i c a l l y b r a c e d f r a m e (s c b f) i s a c o m m o n t y p e o f s t e e l s t r u c t u r a l s y s t e m f o r r e s i s t i n g l a t e r a l l o a d i n g. t h i s t y p e o f s y s t e m p r o v i d e s t h e r e q u i r e d s t i f f n e s s a n d s t r e n g t h a t r e l a t i v e l y l o w c o s t. d e s i g n c o d e s, b a s e d o n p a s ...