the interaction between sea and atmosphere has profound effects on the regions climate. meanwhile, the sea surface temperature is considered as one of the most effective components of water bodies, and the controller of many atmospheric behaviors. because of the importance of sea surface temperatures effects on atmospheric elements and also given the role of global warming on land and sea surfa...

Background: Autoregulation of blood flow is a marvelous phenomenon balanc- ing blood supply and tissue demand. Although many chemically-based explanations for this phenomenon have been proposed and some of them are commonly used today, biomechanical aspects of this phenomenon was neglected. The biomechanical aspect provides insights to us to model vessel diameter changes more precisely and comp...

Cognitive abilities rise steeply from infancy to young adulthood and then are either maintained or decline to old age, depending on the specific ability. This pattern suggests corresponding continuities of mechanism and process, but it is striking that the fields of cognitive development and cognitive aging make little contact with each other's methods and theories. In this review we examine re...

We studied the developmental trends of temperament and character in a longitudinal population-based sample of Finnish men and women aged 20-45 years using the Temperament and Character Inventory model of personality. Personality was assessed in 1997, 2001, and 2007 (n = 2,104, 2,095, and 2,056, respectively). Mean-level changes demonstrated qualitatively distinct developmental patterns for char...

We describe gene-environment processes that may help account for individual differences in successful aging. Our emphasis is on successful aging in the cognitive domain, wherein individuals come to use a variety of strategies to cope with changes in cognitive capacities. We focus on the role of executive control in particular and define gene-environment correlation and nonshared environmental m...