the present study was designed in quasi-experiment to assess adoption of the essential clauses of particular clinical laboratory quality management requirements based on international organization for standardization (iso 15189) in hospital laboratories and to evaluate the cost effectiveness of compliance to iso 15189.the quality management intervention based on iso 15189 was conceded through t...

BACKGROUND This study compared the costs of antipsychotic polypharmacy for patients who initiated on 1 of the 3 most commonly prescribed atypical antipsychotics - olanzapine, quetiapine, or risperidone. METHODS Data were drawn from a large, prospective, naturalistic, multi-site, nonrandomized study of treatment for schizophrenia in the United States conducted between July 1997 and September 2...

In this paper, we extend Porteus (1986) to generalize the economic production quantity (EPQ) model with finite production rate and to derive an exact expression for the expected total annual cost function when maintenance actions and capital investment in setup cost reduction are adopted. In addition, the uniqueness property of the optimal lot size and the bounds of optimal lot size are derived...

this paper presents a simple methodology for cost estimation of a near optimal heat exchanger network, which comprises mixed materials of construction. intraditional pinch technology and mathematical programming it is usually assumed that all heat exchangers in a network obey a single cost model. this implies that all heat exchangers  in a network are of the same type and use the same materials...

In this study the integration of an absorption heat pump (AHP) with the concentration section of an industrial pulp and paper process is investigated using pinch technology. The optimum design of the proposed water-lithium bromide AHP is then achieved by minimizing the total annual cost. A comprehensive optimization is carried out by relaxation of all stream pressure drops as well as heat excha...

BACKGROUND Recommendations for rheumatology nursing management of chronic inflammatory arthritis (CIA) from European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) states that nurses should take part in the monitoring patients' disease and therapy in order to achieve cost savings. The aim of the study was to compare the costs of rheumatology care between a nurse-led rheumatology clinic (NLC), based on perso...

Predicting the maintenance and management costs and replacement age of tractors in agricultural mechanized units, is important from several points. So, doing a timely agricultural operations, more accurate measure of the amount of income  including the cost of these items , determining the useful life of old tractors , replacement age, cost of the process changes and the possibility of examinin...

Although set-up costs are prevalent and substantial in natural resource extraction, their analysis in decentralized markets is difficult. In particular, it is known that a Walrasian competitive equilibrium cannot exist in simple extraction models with set-up costs thus rendering standard competitive equilibrium analysis inapplicable. However, this paper demonstrates that this result is sensitiv...