given the critical role played by urban green spaces and the emergence of remote sensing as avaluable natural resource management tool, this study sought to identify trends in green spaces within thecontext of south africa’s transition period (1990 - 2000). using the city of port elizabeth as a case study, threesets of landsat - 5 thematic mapper images (1990, 1995 and 2000) were geo-processed,...

this paper aims at determining the degree of development and analyzing the trend of inequalityâ in urban places of ostans of iran in 1365-1385. data collected in the three last censuses for all the urban places of the ostans have been used in this study. the method of the study is descriptive-analytical. the study consist of fifty four indices including health, cultural, economical, infrastruct...

BACKGROUND Although a number of studies on infectious disease trends in China exist, these studies have not distinguished the age, period, and cohort effects simultaneously. Here, we analyze infectious disease mortality trends among urban and rural residents in China and distinguish the age, period, and cohort effects simultaneously. METHODS Infectious disease mortality rates (1990-2010) of u...

Urban remote sensing research and model approaches predominantly focus on positive growth patterns. In this paper the phenomenon of a negative urban growth is investigated upon. Such a negative development is mainly named as urban shrinkage. Selected driving forces indicating the spatial process are initially calculated by means of Landsat data for the City of Leipzig, Germany. For a more detai...

Ecologic studies of cancer screening examine cancer mortality rates in relation to use of population screening. These studies can be confounded by treatment patterns or influenced by choice of outcome and time horizon. Interpretation can be complicated by uncertainty about when mortality differences might be expected. The authors examined these issues in an ecologic analysis of prostate-specifi...

Between 1950 and 1980, China experienced the most rapid sustained increase in life expectancy of any population in documented global history. We know of no study that has quantitatively assessed the relative importance of the various explanations proposed for this gain in survival. We have created and analysed a new, province-level panel data set spanning the decades between 1950 and 1980 by co...

Urban regeneration has proved to be a testing and on-going challenge for both central government and local authorities within the UK and successful solutions have proved to be elusive, at best partial rather than comprehensive and often difficult to sustain. Long-term structural economic decline, the continuing shift from a manufacturing to a service and knowledge based economy, the relentless ...

Changes in urban residential density represent an important issue in terms of land consumption, the conservation of ecosystems, air quality and related human health problems, as well as the consequential challenges for urban and regional planning. It is the decline of residential densities, in particular, that has often been used as the very definition of sprawl, describing a phenomenon that ha...

The mortality from measles was studied in an urban area of Guinea-Bissau one year before and five years after the introduction of a vaccination programme. The years after the introduction of immunisation saw a decline in mortality among unvaccinated children with measles. This decline occurred despite a lower age at infection and an increasing prevalence of malnourished children. State of nutri...