‏‎this study investigated the effect of prior knowledge on the listening comprehension performance of fl learners. twenty students, male and female, drawn from the two intact groups of the senior and junior english language and literature majors were chosen as the participants of this study . the two groups were then randomly assigned into the experimental and control group. the experimental gr...

asymmetric polyethersulfone (pes) microfiltration flat sheet membranes were composed by the phase inversion method (pim) and were used as supports. composite membranes were fabricated by coating silicone rubber as selective layer. effect of different concentrations of pes and pdms and different solvent such as nmp, dmf and dms effects as pes solvents and support thickness and different coagulat...

abstract: research purpose: the purpose of this research is to identify academic databases assessment factors and criteria at law and political science majors. the necessity of this research is to distinguish academic databases assessment factors and criteria and to identify the most important ones and rank them in order to select an appropriate database according to students’ and faculty memb...

abstract the influence of cation?? and anion?? interactions on the strength and nature of n…h hydrogen bond has been investigated by quantum chemical calculations in s-triazine…3hf complex. ab initio calculations were performed at mp2/6-311++g(d,p) level of theory. the natural bond orbital (nbo) analysis and the bader’s quantum theory of atoms in molecules (aim) were also used to elucidate t...

abstract the present study investigated the effects of task types and involvement load hypothesis on incidental learning of 10 target words (tws) in junior high schools (jhss) in givi, ardabil. the tasks deployed in this study were two input-based tasks (reading plus dictionary use with an involvement index of 3, and reading plus gap-fill task with an involvement index of 2), and one output-ba...

nowadays, air pollution is a global problem that has had significant growth by technology development, population growth andindustrial development. industrial development brought natural resources deterioration, more manufacturing products, and more environmental pollutants. if pollutant won’t be controlled, human-being and wildlife will face the critical risks. significant release and critical...

abstract the main purpose of this study was to investigate whether there was any significant difference between the speaking achievement of learners who were trained by means of consciousness raising of sociolinguistic skills and that of learners who were trained without the above mentioned task. the participants of this study consist of 60 intermediate level students participating languag...

abstract nowadays, the science of decision making has been paid to more attention due to the complexity of the problems of suppliers selection. as known, one of the efficient tools in economic and human resources development is the extension of communication networks in developing countries. so, the proper selection of suppliers of tc equipments is of concern very much. in this study, a ...

the present study was an attempt to compare the effect of peer metalinguistic corrective feedback on elementary and intermediate efl learners speaking ability to see which level benefits more from this type of feedback. to this end, 117 female efl learners at grade 3, al-zahra high school in kermanshah, iran were non-randomly chosen. the homogeneity of the participants was attained through a pi...

with the growth of more humanistic approaches towards teaching foreign languages, more emphasis has been put on learners’ feelings, emotions and individual differences. one of the issues in teaching and learning english as a foreign language is demotivation. the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the components of language learning strategies, optimism, duration o...