there are two major theories of measurement in psychometrics: classical test theory (ctt) and item-response theory (irt). despite its widespread and long use, ctt has a number of shortcomings, which make it problematic to be used for practical and theoretical purposes. irt tries to solve these shortcomings, and provide better and more dependable answers. one of the applications of irt is the as...

cultural iran is a scope that is more extended than the political territories of iran as a political unit. this concept means that cultural geography(mehdi moghanlo-1383-1) of iran is greater than its political geography which, according to history, has a long history extending west-east from kandahar to the euphrates and north-south from the persian gulf to the caucasus including transoxiana a...

objective: the objective of this study was to investigate the invitro fluoride release of four new self-adhesive resin cements; set (sdi, australia), breeze (pentron, usa), embrace wetbond (pulpdent, usa), g-cem (gc, japan) and to assess the bonding performance of these self-adhesive resin cements for bonding of orthodontic brackets. materials and methods: for fluoride release experiment, six ...

پلیمرهای ¬معدنی ¬دو بعدی جدید h2[{m(h2o)8m(h2o)7m(h2o)6}p2w18ce3o70(oh)( h2o)n].xh2o x = 24 and 29) (n = 1and 2) (m= la3+ and ce3+) ) از واکنش پلی اکسوآنیون ساندویچی نوع a [p2w18ce3o71(h2o)2]12-به عنوان بلوک ساختمانی و m(no3)3.6h2o (m = la3+ ce3+) درمحیط آبی تهیه و تعیین ساختار شدند. ساختار این ترکیبات شامل لایه های موجی شکل دو بعدی در صفــحه ac می باشند که بوسیله اتصال واحدهای ساختاری [m(h2o)8...

we commence by using from a new norm on l1(g) the -algebra of all integrable functions on locally compact group g, to make the c-algebra c(g). consequently, we find its dual b(g), which is a banach algebra so-called fourier-stieltjes algebra, in the set of all continuous functions on g. we consider most of important basic theorems about this algebra. this consideration leads to a rather com...

in this thesis, a better reaction conditions for the synthesis of spirobarbiturates catalyzed by task-specific ionic liquid (2-hydroxy-n-(2-hydroxyethyl)-n,n-dimethylethanaminium formate), calcium hypochlorite ca(ocl)2 or n-bromosuccinimide (nbs) in the presence of water at room temperature by ultrasonic technique is provided. the design and synthesis of spirocycles is a challenging task becaus...