Pneumococcal lipoteichoic acid (Forssman antigen) added to the medium of growing pneumococcal cultures caused chain formation, prevented culture lysis in the stationary phase of growth, and inhibited lysis by penicillin and by the pneumococcal bacteriophage Dp-1.

P 13-5, 7th World Congress on Endourology and ESWL,Kyoto, 27.-30. 11. 1989 16. Brfimmer F, Staudenraus J, Nesper M, Suhr D, Eisenmenger W, H~ilser DF (1989) Biological effects and physical characterizationof shock waves generated by an XL-1 experimental lithotripter. ProcUltrasonics Int 89:1130-1135 17. Chaussy Ch, Schmied E, Jocham D, Fuchs G, Brendel W, ForssmanB, Hepp W (1986...

Noble gases are known for their inertness. They do not react chemically with any element at normal temperature and pressure. Through that, some of them are known to be biologically active by their sedative, hypnotic and analgesic properties. Common inhalation anesthetics are characterized by some disadvantages (toxicity, decreased cardiac output, etc). Inhalation of xenon introduces anesthesia ...

Life on earth has evolved in a sea of natural electromagnetic (EM) fields. Over the past century, this natural environment has sharply changed with introduction of a vast and growing spectrum of man-made EM fields. From models based on equilibrium thermodynamics and thermal effects, these fields were initially considered too weak to interact with biomolecular systems, and thus incapable of infl...

The radiation exposure in space missions can be reduced by appropriate measures, but it cannot be prevented. The reason is that space radiations due to their high energy deeply penetrates in matter. In comparison to the shielding thickness of the atmosphere of approximately 10 meter water equivalent, a spacecraft provides only 1-30 cm shielding depending on the equipment installed inside the sp...

Vanadium biological studies often disregarded the formation of decameric vanadate species known to interact, in vitro, with high-affinity with many proteins such as myosin and sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pump and also to inhibit these biochemical systems involved in energy transduction. Moreover, very few in vivo animal studies involving vanadium consider the contribution of decavanadate to ...

In a recent article in TREE [1], Pearson and Callaway consider how indirect effects can lead to even host-specific biological control agents impacting on nontarget species. Although the authors raise some interesting points, we feel that the indirect effects that they explore might not be as generally applicable to biological control as they contend. The first indirect effect considered is ‘eco...