paying attention to the relative alignment of individual and organization goals requires that this fact be considered sometimes happens struggle between these two phenomena for several reasons. these two can be in conflict with one another. hence, one of the primary problem that managers are encountered, is that they attempt to combine and reconcile two somewhat contradictory issues, and they a...

BACKGROUND This paper examines the association between degree of confidence in collective efficacy and self-efficacy for condom use and empowerment among heterogeneous female sex workers (FSWs) in two metropolitan Indian cities with high HIV prevalence. METHODS The study utilises data from the Behavioural Tracking Survey, a cross-sectional behavioural study with 2106 FSWs recruited from 411 i...

Narration is a usual mode of sense-making in the new, ambiguous or equivocal situations. Here we characterize the role of narration in situations of comprehension and collective problem solving. Then we present an approach of modeling of narrative knowledge and the associated tool HyperStoriawhich makes it possible to assist a group in the acquisition and the modeling of narratives charts start...

In celebration of the 125th anniversary of The American Journal of Psychology, this article discusses a seminal publication by Marjorie Shaw (1932) on small group performance in the rational solution of complex problems. We then propose an approach for the effective regulation of group goal striving based on the collective action control perspective. From this perspective, group performance mig...

Software teams possess diverse knowledge resources, which have to be combined with knowledge from external sources to achieve project goals. Teams achieve this objective by integrating skills, know-how, and expertise of the team members to develop collective knowledge, and buttressing it with critical knowledge inputs from external sources. Researchers continue to look for ways to improve this ...

beneficence as a principle is one of the definite jurisprudential rules and a disclaimer of civil liability of the individual in terms of the loss enforced upon others during acts of collective good. this shall necessitate that beneficence include both subjective and practical good simultaneously. as regards beneficence to an individual other, it is necessary that the act itself be wasteful or ...

Whether it be a rugby team or a rescue crew, ensuring peak group performance is a primary goal during collective activities. In reality, however, groups often suffer from productivity losses that can lead to less than optimal outputs. Where researchers have focused on this problem, inefficiencies in the way team members coordinate their efforts has been identified as one potent source of produc...

The concept of teacher efficacy has received significant attention in educational contexts in the recent years and has been empirically probed at 2 levels: individual teacher efficacy and collective teacher efficacy. Having their origins in the social cognitive theory, teacher and collective efficacy perceptions are quite distinct constructs, each affecting educational decisions and student ach...