Some economic models like the cash-in-advance model of money or overlapping generations model have the property that the dynamics are ill-defined going forward in time, but well-defined going backward in time. In such instances, what does it mean for an ill-defined dynamical system to be chaotic? Furthermore, under what conditions are such dynamical systems chaotic? In this paper, we provide a ...

chaos theory discusses unstable and non-periodic behavior of non-linear fluctuating dynamicsystems. since evaporation level variations of lakes have a dynamic identity, chaos theory can have a uniquerole in collecting data of these variations. therefore it is an important and challenging problem in the field ofplanning and qualitative and quantitative management of urmia lake to verify whether ...

In this paper, the dynamics of elementary cellular automaton (ECA) rule 73 is investigated under the framework of the bi-infinite symbolic sequence space. This paper provides a rigorous mathematical analysis for the evolution of symbol sequences in some subsystems of rule 73. ECA rule 73, a member of Wolfram’s class III and Chua’s complex Bernoulli-shift rules, defines many more subsystems with...

The dynamical systems on the classical fractals can naturally be obtained with help of their iterated function systems. In recent years, different ways have been developed to define self similar sets. this paper, we give composition functions by using expanding and folding mappings which generate Sierpinski Gasket via escape time algorithm. These also indicate fractal. We express code represent...

Walking, as an important transportation mode, plays a large part in urban transportation systems. This mode is of great importance for planners and decision-makers because of its impact on environmental and health aspects of communities. However, this mode is so complex in nature that makes it difficult to study or model. On the other hand, chaos theory studies complex dynamical nonlinear syste...

Analysis of nonlinear autonomous systems has been a popular field of study in recent decades. As an interesting nonlinear behavior, chaotic dynamics has been intensively investigated since Lorenz discovered the first physical evidence of chaos in his famous equations. Although many chaotic systems have been ever reported in the literature, a systematic and qualitative approach for chaos generat...

Devaney defines a function to be chaotic if it satisfies three conditions: transitivity, having dense set of periodic points and sensitive dependence on initial conditions. Banks et al prove that if the function is continuous then the third conditioin is implied from the first two and therefore is redundant. However, if the function is not assumed to be continuous, then it is not known if the t...

In this article, we develop the Yoccoz puzzle technique to study a family of rational maps termed McMullen maps. We show that the boundary of the immediate basin of infinity is always a Jordan curve if it is connected. This gives a positive answer to the question of Devaney. Higher regularity of this boundary is obtained in almost all cases. We show that the boundary is a quasi-circle if it con...