This paper investigates the productivity effects of inward and outward foreign direct investment using industry and country level data for 17 OECD countries over the period 1973 to 2001. Controlling for national and international knowledge spillovers we argue that effects of FDI work through direct compositional effects as well as changing competition in the host country. Our results show that ...

Direct numerical simulation is used to investigate the transition induced by threedimensional isolated roughness elements in a supersonic boundary layer at a free stream Mach number of 3.5. Simulations are performed for two different configurations: one is a square planform roughness and the other is a diamond planform roughness. The mean-flow calculations show that the roughness induces counte...

In this article we shall compare two unified field theories namely, Einstein's first presentation of a four dimensional theory (refs. 1, 2) and Levi-Civita's reformulation of it (ref. 3). It is well known that the problem of a unified field theory (of macroscopic world) is to find a suitable entity within a proposed geometry to represent the electromagnetic field. Gravitation is usually built i...

This paper provides further empirical results on the relationship between black market and official exchange rates in six emerging economies (Iran, India, Indonesia, Korea, Pakistan, and Thailand). First, it applies both time series techniques and heterogeneous panel methods to test for the existence of a long-run relation between these two types of exchange rates. Second, it tests formally the...

This paper presents an overview of the Redwood programming environment and details one of its key features, snippets. Through snippets, developers can both make use of a variety of predefined programming constructs and build their own reusable program components. Languageindependent, snippets are descriptions of program parts that can be as simple as an assignment statement or as complex as a s...

Rural Realities is published by the Rural Sociological Society, Brigham Young University, 2019 JFSB, Provo, Utah 84602 [email protected] http://www.ruralsociology.org The Situation: Rural communities have been hard hit by the recession, but those that have approached economic development by looking inward to community strengths and existing resources are often faring better than those tha...

In this paper, we describe simple techniques for object group manipulation, an important operation in user interaction with a Virtual Environment. All presented manipulation techniques exploit constraints to simplify user interaction. The techniques are based on how humans perceive groups and afford direct manipulation of such groups. Furthermore, we introduce two new intuitive ways to create a...

This paper extends the literature on productivity spillovers from inward FDI. We use comparable industry level data for 17 OECD countries and investigate the importance of horizontal and vertical spillovers, and differences between CEEC and other OECD countries. Results show that there is evidence for spillovers through vertical backward linkages between multinationals and domestic firms for al...