Reliable wireless broadcast with asynchronous data access based on fountain coding is investigated. We review the traditional problem formalization for fountain codes operating on erasure channels and we generalize the problem formalization to arbitrary types of channels. We introduce a novel type of rateless codes based on the turbo principle: the Turbo-Fountain. The TurboFountain is able to c...

high concentration of nitrate is a prevalent problem in water resources. untreated wastewater due to municipal, industrial and agricultural activities is the main potential source of nitrate contamination of groundwater and surface water. the maximum permissible level of nitrate concentration has been established to be 45 mg/l by who and us–epa. health problems, such as methemoglobinemia in bab...

background & aims of the study: corrosion and scaling play undesirable effects on transmission and distribution system of drinking water. the aim of this study was to assess the corrosion and scaling potential of drinking water resources in babol city. materials and methods: totally, 54 water samples were collected from 27 wells in spring and autumn. calciu m hardness, ph, total alkalinity, tot...

introduction: the increasing of population and limited drinking water resources has enhanced the necessity of using bottled water. many people are now using bottled water because they believe it is a healthful alternative beverage to soft drinks or other bottled beverages. therefore, the bottled water industry has grown immensely during the past decades. this descriptive cross-sectional study h...

background: radon concentration was measured in 50 drinking water samples in mashhad - iran. b the tap water used for drinking and other household usages can increase the indoor radon level. drinking water samples were collected from various places and supplies of public water used in mashhad. then radon concentration has been measured by portable radon gas surveyor silena (prassi) system. resu...

background: one of the most important health problems in life is dental caries or tooth decay. untreated caries are painful and may affect diet, school attendance, and sleep. tooth decay can also have significant negative health and social consequences in later life. objectives: the aim of this study was to determine the decayed, missing, filled teeth (dmft) index in 8-12 year old students in z...

background: provision of safe drinking water is one of the basic needs of every society and it will only be possible through preventive and comprehensive management of drinking water security programs such as haccp. hazard analysis critical control point (haccp) is an internationally accepted process control system which includes recognition and determination of risk factor properties of proces...