During cardiac arrhythmia, functional reentries may take the form of spiral waves. The purpose of this study was to induce spiral waves by an electrical stimulation of cultured neonatal

Single cell activity recorded from the proximal arm area of motor cortex during the performance of arm reaching tasks can be related to the direction of movement. This was found for single straight movements made directly to a target and for movements in which direction changed continually. Responses from a population of 2 2 6 directionally-sensitive cells were combined to form neural images of...

This paper describes a chip for a multichannel neural stimulator for functional electrical stimulation. The chip performs all the signal processing required in an implanted neural stimulator. The power and signal transmission to the stimulator is carried out via an induce -

The cooperation between neuroscience and biomedical engineering gave rise to a recent, but growing research field, known as neuroengineering. We follow its principles to have a system providing basic descriptions of the visual world to the brain’s cortex. We describe a set of software and hardware tools to interface with neural tissue, in order to transmit visual information encoded into a bioi...

Migraine can be extremely disabling with a considerable impact on the life of an individual in their ability to work or perform activities of daily living. The arrival of ‘triptans’ in the early 1990s saw a major change in the way migraines were treated, and ‘triptans’ remain the gold standard in treating an acute attack. For a long time there was very little progress in identifying new targets...

Introduction: Efficient gait control using Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) is an open research problem. In this research, a new intermittent controller has been designed to control the human shank movement dynamics during gait. Methods: In this approach, first, the three-dimensional phase space was constructed using the human shank movement data recorded from the healthy subjects. Then...

Previous studies indicate that Matricaria chamomilla (MC), a folk remedy plant, is very useful in the treatment of spasmogenic bowel diseases but the way of its action is not clear. For this purpose, we studied the effect of MC extract on the electrically activation in Guinea-Pig ileum in an invitro model. We used guinea pig in this study. After of kill, we brouhght out a piece of ileum and fix...

After fifty years of basic research on electrostimulation-induced muscle plasticity, in recent years a few studies have employed long impulse biphasic electrical stimulation as a treatment for human denervated muscle. Tissue trophism and muscle power are improved to a level sufficient to restore some functions by Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES). These treatments usually start late after...

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to compare improvements in swallowing function by the intervention of the Masako maneuver and neuromuscular electrical stimulation in patients with dysphagia caused by stroke. [Subjects and Methods] The Masako maneuver (n=23) and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (n=24) were conducted in 47 patients with dysphagia caused by stroke over a period of 4 weeks....