Background & Aim: In recent years using from plant product has been considered wildly as main factor for preventing pathogenic diseases cassed by attacking viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites. There are some funguses which could be the factors for affliction of some diseases in human, plants and animals. Plant extracts are those which could act and be used as preventing from these diseases a...

a survey was conducted to identify the fungus gnats (diptera: mycetophilidae) in kermanshah province (west of iran) during 2010-2011. the specimens were collected from nine different localities. adults were reared from the fruiting bodies of agaric fungi. five species are recorded for the first time from iran: mycetophila strigatoides (lundrock), allodia ornaticollis (meigen), rymosia pseudocre...

Cephalosporium stripe (fungus str ipe) is a vascular wi l ttype disease of wheat and barley, which also affects other cereals and grasses. l t is caused by the soifborne fungus Cephalosporium gramineum. ln autumn, the fungus produces millions of bacteria-sized spores (conidia), which are washed into the soil around the plant. These spores are the structures that will eventually infect the plant...

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a phytopathogenic fungus that causes wilting and white rot in several species such as strawberry. The overuse of agrochemicals has caused environmental pollution plant resistance to phytopathogens. Inoculation crops with beneficial microorganisms arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM), plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), their metabolites considered an alternative agro...

piriformospora indica, a cultivable root colonizing endophytic fungus of sebacinales, promotes plant growth and confers resistance against biotic and abiotic stress. the fungus has also the ability to colonize the roots of many varieties of plant species. the goal of present study was to clarify the colonization ability of p.indica in artichoke roots and the respond of plant to water stress. re...

Abstract From August 17 to January 1, 2023, this investigation was carried out in the postgraduate lab at University of Kerbala. The Menthe spicata plant removed from city Karbala on July 11, 2022, and phenol component extracted ethanol alcohol menthe extract. Nanomaterials, Practical size, Zno nanoparticals (33-40nm) In order assess effectiveness various concentrations combinations zinc nanopa...

In the last decade, discoveries in molecular biology field have allowed new insight into the genes involved in the development of AITD. At least six susceptibility genes whose variants have been associated with AITD were identified: HLA-DR, CD40, CTLA-4, PTPN22, thyroglobulin (Tg), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor. Genetic susceptibility accounts for 70 % risk for disease that, on...

This research aims to study the effect of Mycorrizal fungus and Plant-Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) on Cadmium (Cd) uptake by one-year-old Eucalyptus Camaldulensis seedlings. The treatments have involved three levels of heavy metal (0, 30, and 60 mg/kg) for Cd, and three bacterial levels (no bacteria (B0), Bacillus (Ba105), and Pseudomonas (Ps36, Ps448)), inoculated with mycorrhizal fungus G...