the main goal of this article, this review is that due to the decline of the united states america's soft power after the invasion of iraq in march 2003 - due to the power of unilateral hardware-based - iran can and should according to the religious, historical, and cultural commonalities with its neighboring, strengthen software sources of power than the new iraq to create a strategic and...

Hydatid disease is an important zoonotic disease with a worldwide distribution. In the Middle East, as well as in some other parts of the world, it has always been a serious economic and public health problem. The disease is endemic and enzootic in Iraq. In Iraq, the disease is caused by Echinococcus granulosus but a multilocular hydatid cyst of E. multilocularis has been recovered from the liv...

During the eight years of the Iraq-Iran confl ict (19801988), more than 42,000 Iranian soldiers were captured (prisoners of war) and kept in Iraqi prisons for many years after the end of war (from 2.5 to more than 15 years). There were more than 23 detention camps for former Iranian prisoners in Iraq: six camps in Ramadi (in the west of Iraq), four camps in Mosul (in the north of Iraq), and 13 ...

america’s invasion to iraq in march 2003 led to the collapsed of the baathist regimewas the beginning of a new era in relationship with iran. the demise of the baathistregime, created a unique opportunity for the islamic republic until expansion thepolitical and cultural power in iraq. iran's influence was evident in officialdiplomatic and cordial relations with the new iraqi government al...

In August 1990, Saddam Hussein's army invaded Kuwait and consequently the United Nations imposed economic sanctions on Iraq. In 1991, an international military alliance expelled the Iraqi army from Kuwait during a short war. Nevertheless, the economic sanctions remained in place-their removal required that Iraq should destroy its weapons of mass destruction. Subsequent years saw reports of acut...

This paper aims at presenting the new method used in Iraq to teachgrammar. Despite fact that curriculum now is very different fromthe traditional one, it still depends on exam-based system. The newsyllabi of intermediate and secondary schools focus thecommunicative approach. Yet, question here this book willhelp students interact with each other inside outside class. Due tothe broad areas gramm...

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is a supreme pathogen in tropical and subtropical areas. During 2014-2015, a total of 393 tomato samples showing Tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD) symptoms were collected from six different provinces of Iraq. In serological assays, 55 out of 393 samples (14%) reacted positively with TYLCV-specific antibodies .The presence of TYLCV was verified in 21 (...

1National Tuberculosis Programme Manager, Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq. 2Department of Community Medicine, Saddam College of Medicine, Baghdad, Iraq. 3Chest and Respiratory Diseases Institute, Baghdad, Iraq. ABSTRACT A cross-sectional study was made of 500 patients and 500 health care workers randomly selected from 250 primary health care centres throughout Iraq to evaluate knowledge, atti...