Abstract Democracy is one of the most contested words in English language. In Africa, these complexities are compounded by question whether democracy a colonial imposition. Cheeseman and Sishuwa provide historiography debates around democracy, track how narratives have developed over time, argue that there widespread public support for form what they call “consensual democracy.” This not to say...

The performance of 18 deaf college students who learned English words and their definitions using the mnemonic keyword method with pictorial elaboration was compared with the performance of 13 controls who learned the same words and their definitions using their own strategies. Immediate and delayed prompted word-definition recall and delayed word-recognition measures were used to compare the p...

Content filtering through keyword matching is widely adopted in network censoring, and proven to be successful. However, a technique to bypass this kind of censorship by decomposing Chinese characters appears recently. Chinese characters are combinations of radicals, and splitting characters into radicals pose a big obstacle to keyword filtering. To tackle this challenge, we proposed the first ...

This paper describes topic identi cation for Japanese TV news speech based on the keyword spotting technique. Three thousands of nouns are selected as keywords which contribute to topic identi cation, based on criterion of mutual information and a length of the word. This set of the keywords identi ed the correct topic for 76.3% of articles from newspaper text data. Further, we performed keywor...

On-line keyword searching from documents in Chinese tends to use inverted indexing as the main technique, which has its difficulties. Suffix Array is widely used for processing text in Western languages. However, it fails to get widely used in Chinese processing because of the speciality of Chinese. Suffix Array is a powerful tool. However it costs too much space. That is the major bottleneck o...