OBJECTIVE To update the Guideline for the Introduction of New Drugs in the Formulary (GINF form) using the RAND/UCLA appropriateness method, which combines the best available evidence and an expert panel's judgement. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS Two procedures were employed to detect where improvements could be made to the former versions of the request form and to transform them into concrete scenar...

Visual image segmentation is the process by which the visual system groups features that are part of a single shape. Is image segmentation a bottom-up or an interactive process? In Experiments 1 and 2, we presented subjects with two overlapping shapes and asked them to determine whether two probed locations were on the same shape or on different shapes. The availability of top-down support was ...

In the seminal paper [6], Gerd Brewka argued that ranking a set of default rules without prerequisites, and selecting extensions according to a lexicographic refinement of the inclusion ordering proves to be a natural, simple and efficient way of dealing with the multiple extension (or “subtheories”) problem. This natural idea has been reused, discussed, revisited, reinvented, adapted many time...

Nowadays, one of the most important topics in risk management of banks, financial, and credit institutions is credit risk management. In this research, the researchers used survival analytic methods for credit risk modeling in terms of the conditional distribution function of default time. As a practical task, the authors considered the reward credit portfolio of Tose'e Ta'avon Bank of Guilan P...

Classical statistical inference isnonmonotonic in nature. We show how it can be form~ized inthe default logic framework. Thestructure of statistical inference is the same as that represented by default rules. In particular, theprerequisite corresponds to the sample statistics, the justifications require that we do not have any reason to believe that the sample is misleading, and the consequent ...

This paper illustrates how the mechanisms that were designed for analogy-making can be responsible for some contextual effects in judgment and choice. The JUDGEMAP model is presented as well as three simulations that replicate some well known contextual effects in judgment and choice. It is demonstrated how the same basic mechanisms, designed for analogy-making can be responsible for seemingly ...

Abstract Susanna Rinard aims to show that it is possible rationally persuade an external world skeptic reject skepticism. She offers argument meant convince a who accepts her views on “several orthogonal issues in epistemology” give up their While I agree with reason skeptic, argue overlooks variety of good epistemic grounds could appeal rejecting and its conclusion. More specifically, the can ...

judgment mistake has its own complexities for several reasons (difference of expediencies of the two legal/judicial systems, difference of precepts for judgment mistake in judiciary and penal discussions, divisions of various judgments and law in jurisprudence, law, etc.). judgment mistake with such a nature entails numerous questions. answering the question as to whether the judgment mistake i...