A new way of addressing loss errors is introduced which combines ideas from measurement-based quantum computation and concatenated quantum codes, allowing for universal quantum computation. It is shown that for the case where qubit loss is detected upon measurement, the scheme performs well under 23% loss rate. For loss rates below 10% this approach performs better than the best scheme known up...

BACKGROUND Trials of interventions for PPH prevention and treatment rely on different measurement methods for the quantification of blood loss and identification of PPH. This study's objective was to compare measures of blood loss obtained from two different measurement protocols frequently used in studies. METHODS Nine hundred women presenting for vaginal delivery were randomized to a direct...

We previously proposed a change-of-measure based performance measurement method which combines active and passive measurement to estimate user-experienced performance. We also applied this method to packet-delay estimation. In this paper, we apply this method to loss-rate estimation. Because packet loss rarely occurs in current networks, its measurement usually requires a huge number of probe p...

A general review and comparison on two types widely adopted measurement techniques of dielectric constant and dielectric loss at microwave frequencies has been undertaken. Characteristics of various transmission/reflection techniques and resonance techniques are compared with each other. Suggestions on how to select adequate measurement techniques of microwave dielectric properties are given. T...

introduction: field plots are widely used in studies related to the measurements of soil loss and modeling of erosion processes. research efforts are needed to investigate factors affecting the data quality of plots. spatial scale or size of plots is one of these factors which directly affects measuring runoff and soil loss by means of field plots. the effect of plot size on measured runoff or ...

This paper deals with the selection of linear measurement combinations as controlled variables, c = Hy. The objective is to achieve self-optimizing control where fixing the controlled variables c indirectly gives near-optimal steady-state operation with a small loss. The nullspace method focuses on minimizing the loss caused by disturbances. The original nullspace method deals with the case whe...