The existence and enforcement of legal regulations is imperative of maritime navigation. All legal regulations relating to maritime security and whose goal is securing the safety at sea, can be divided to regulations relating to navigable vessels, regulations relating to cargo carried by ships; regulations governing maintenance of waterways; regulations relating to human factor (regulations con...

when any extraordinary sacrifice or expenditure is intentionally and reasonably made or incurred for the common safety for the purpose of preserving from peril, the property (ship and cargoes) involved in a common maritime adventure, the interests saved , are required to make contributions in general average to the owner of lost or damaged property . general average rules originates from ancien...

Inhibiting the growth of mold fungi on cellulose-based building materials may be achievable through the use of azole-based antimycotics. Azoles were variably effective against mold fungi that are frequently found on wood and wood products. Unseasoned southern yellow pine specimens that were dip-treated with varying concentrations of eight azoles were evaluated for their ability to resist mold i...

Since 2003, Barcelona charter has highlighted the importance of digital recording of historic ships and maritime heritage in general. Despite this has been stressed with emphasis, three dimensional modelling of maritime cultural heritage is still not usual as for archaeology and architecture. Three-dimensional modelling in the maritime heritage needs particular requirements. Objects to be recor...

If we consider the worldwide maritime shipping industry as a system, we observe that a large number of independent rational agents such as port authorities, shipping service providers, shipping companies, and commodity producers play a role in achieving predominant positions and in increasing market share. The maritime shipping industry can, from this perspective, be defined as a Complex System...

1 Signal Processing, Analysis and Advanced Research and Education Laboratory (SPAADREL), Department of Marine Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, Faculty of Maritime Studies, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 37, 21000 Split, Croatia 2 Laboratory for Marine Electrical Engineering, Department of Marine Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, Faculty of Maritime ...

This paper proposes the application of the Smart Security Concept in the East Mediterranean. Smart Security aims to secure critical infrastructure, such as hydrocarbon platforms, against asymmetrical threats. The concept is based on Anti Asymmetrical Area Denial (A3D) which necessitates limiting freedom of action of maritime terrorists and piracy by founding safe and secure maritime areas throu...

Is maritime strategy in Africa fit for purpose? has generally sought security through international law, cooperation and diplomacy the post-Cold War US-led order. However, rise of China resurgence Russia challenge order, raising questions about fitness Africa’s strategic orientation domain. This article evaluates strategy, theory practice, to determine its suitability environment, at beginning ...