The contourlet transform has the benefit of efficiently capturing the oriented geometrical structures of images. In this paper, by incorporating the ideas of Stein’s Unbiased Risk Estimator (SURE) approach in Nonsubsampled Contourlet Transform (NSCT) domain, a new image denoising technique is devised. We utilize the characteristics of NSCT coefficients in high and low subbands and apply SURE sh...

This paper establishes the almost sure convergence and asymptotic normality of levels and differenced quasi maximum-likelihood (QML) estimators of dynamic panel data models. The QML estimators are robust with respect to initial conditions, conditional and time-series heteroskedasticity, and misspecification of the log-likelihood. The paper also provides an ECME algorithm for calculating levels ...

This paper considers a panel of 80 countries across all continents, over the period 1999–2019, and uses generalized method moments system estimations with data from World Bank Global Financial Development database, to explain evolution bank non-performing-loans-to-total-loans ratio. The results obtained provide clear evidence that banks high profitability, benefiting market stability located in...

Empirical growth analysis is plagued with three problems – variable selection, parameter heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence which are addressed independently from each other in most studies. This study to propose an integrated framework that allows for error dependence, while simultaneously performing selection. We derive the asymptotic properties of estimator, apply a dataset 89 coun...

one of the current challenges and complications in the world is the climate change and global warming, which has numerous and varied effects and consequences in different regions. in this regard, the effects of economic activities on the increase in greenhouse gases and also the effects of greenhouse gases on economic activities have become increasingly controversial. in this study, an investig...