due to deep, complex and everlasting interaction between precipitation and climatic elements-factors, there are changes and varieties in both time and space dimensions. so that climate experts and related scientists take their attentions to this phenomenon. an approach to do this kind of investigations is to describe spatial variations based on spatial statistics. in this paper the main object ...

the goal of this study was to estimate the sensitivity of reference evapotranspiration (et0) to changes in meteorological parameters in the caspian region. long-term meteorological data (1961-2008) were obtained from three synoptic meteorological stations. the region was primarily classified into three climatic zones, based on de martonne climate classification. the penman–monteith equation was...

introduction temperature effects on human activities and natural processes are undeniable. temperature increase, in particular, in the form of heat waves affects all facets of life including architecture, welfare, transport, agriculture and industry. when the intensity and frequency of the waves are high, they can produce major problems. in recent years, the number and intensity of these heat w...

We report on the development and validation of a neural network (NN) model of PM10 concentrations in terms of photochemical measurements of NO, NO2 and O3 and temporal parameters that include the day of the week and the day of the year with its sinusoidal variation. A long-term record (≈10 yr) from 2001–2012 (inclusive) assembled from measurements taken at 10 station nodes in the air quality mo...

In this paper, the El-Hames empirical method was used to determine the peak runoff flow in Iranshahr catchment. The El-Hames method is based on morphological parameters and SCS Curve Number of the studied area. The implementing was processed by collecting the required data including soil type and vegetation cover, land use maps, digital elevation model and satellite images from the associated i...